expression: refactor grouping function computation and update related tipb

[AilinKid]

What problem does this PR solve?

Issue Number: close #44437

related tiflash issue : pingcap/tiflash#7590

related tipb pr: pingcap/tipb#308

Problem Summary:

add one more dimension for grouping marks maintenance.

ideas come from MySQL's support for grouping(a,b,c,...) with maximum of 64 parameters.

mysql> select grouping(a,b), grouping(a), grouping(b) from t group by a, b with rollup;
+---------------+-------------+-------------+
| grouping(a,b) | grouping(a) | grouping(b) |
+---------------+-------------+-------------+
|             0 |           0 |           0 |
|             1 |           0 |           1 |
|             0 |           0 |           0 |
|             1 |           0 |           1 |
|             3 |           1 |           1 |
+---------------+-------------+-------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select grouping(b,a), grouping(a), grouping(b) from t group by a, b with rollup;
+---------------+-------------+-------------+
| grouping(b,a) | grouping(a) | grouping(b) |
+---------------+-------------+-------------+
|             0 |           0 |           0 |
|             2 |           0 |           1 |
|             0 |           0 |           0 |
|             2 |           0 |           1 |
|             3 |           1 |           1 |
+---------------+-------------+-------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Notice the result difference of grouping(a,b) and grouping(b,a)!

mysql reference

As seen here, if GROUPING (a,b) returns 3, it means that NULL in column “a” and NULL in column “b” for that row is produce by a ROLLUP operation. If result is 1, NULL in column “b” alone is a result of ROLLUP operation.
https://dev.mysql.com/blog-archive/mysql-8-0-grouping-function/

when evaluating the grouping function's value, the formula is:

grouping(a,b,c) = grouping(a)<<2 + grouping(b)<<1 << grouping(c)

the left shift size is exactly according to their listed position in the grouping function.
so we should maintain all the grouping marks (for every single col) down, and add one more round computation for the left shift plus if the len(groupingMarks) is greater than 1 (means multi col args in grouping function).

What is changed and how it works?

Check List

Tests

• Unit test
• Integration test
• Manual test (add detailed scripts or steps below)
• No code

Side effects

• Performance regression: Consumes more CPU
• Performance regression: Consumes more Memory
• Breaking backward compatibility

Documentation

• Affects user behaviors
• Contains syntax changes
• Contains variable changes
• Contains experimental features
• Changes MySQL compatibility

Release note

Please refer to Release Notes Language Style Guide to write a quality release note.

expression: refactor grouping function computation and update related tipb

[guo-shaoge]

/approve

[xzhangxian1008]

/LGTM

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[AilinKid]

/retest

[AilinKid]

/retest

[ti-chi-bot]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by: guo-shaoge, wshwsh12, XuHuaiyu, xuyifangreeneyes, xzhangxian1008

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Needs approval from an approver in each of these files:

• OWNERS [XuHuaiyu,guo-shaoge,wshwsh12,xuyifangreeneyes]

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[ti-chi-bot]

[LGTM Timeline notifier]

Timeline:

• 2023-06-07 06:16:58.058440332 +0000 UTC m=+71709.903074915: ☑️ agreed by xuyifangreeneyes.
• 2023-06-07 08:06:40.459919067 +0000 UTC m=+78292.304553664: ☑️ agreed by wshwsh12.
• 2023-06-07 09:25:30.056175764 +0000 UTC m=+83021.900810362: ✖️🔁 reset by AilinKid.
• 2023-06-07 10:04:50.650058635 +0000 UTC m=+85382.494693234: ☑️ agreed by wshwsh12.
• 2023-06-07 10:18:18.886247163 +0000 UTC m=+86190.730881761: ☑️ agreed by XuHuaiyu.

[AilinKid]

/merge