util: use runtime.Version() to get Go version (#53619)

[ti-chi-bot]

This is an automated cherry-pick of #53619

What problem does this PR solve?

Issue Number: close #53618

Problem Summary:

Related:

• util/printer: get GoVersion from runtime variable instead of shell #13763
• cmd/link: lock down future uses of linkname golang/go#67401

Alternative solution (not chosen):

diff --git a/Makefile.common b/Makefile.common
index b540debd42..bab0acd3c9 100644
--- a/Makefile.common
+++ b/Makefile.common
@@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ LDFLAGS += -X "github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/util/versioninfo.TiDBBuildTS=$(shell
 LDFLAGS += -X "github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/util/versioninfo.TiDBGitHash=$(shell git rev-parse HEAD)"
 LDFLAGS += -X "github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/util/versioninfo.TiDBGitBranch=$(shell git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD)"
 LDFLAGS += -X "github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/util/versioninfo.TiDBEdition=$(TIDB_EDITION)"
+LDFLAGS += "-checklinkname=0"
 
 EXTENSION_FLAG =
 ifeq ($(shell if [ -f pkg/extension/enterprise/.git ]; then echo "true"; fi),true)

What changed and how does it work?

Check List

Tests

• Unit test
• Integration test
• Manual test (add detailed scripts or steps below)
• No need to test

  • I checked and no code files have been changed.

Side effects

• Performance regression: Consumes more CPU
• Performance regression: Consumes more Memory
• Breaking backward compatibility

Documentation

• Affects user behaviors
• Contains syntax changes
• Contains variable changes
• Contains experimental features
• Changes MySQL compatibility

Release note

Please refer to Release Notes Language Style Guide to write a quality release note.

None

[ti-chi-bot]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by: Defined2014, hawkingrei

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• OWNERS [Defined2014,hawkingrei]

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[ti-chi-bot]

[LGTM Timeline notifier]

Timeline:

• 2024-08-20 09:20:50.027509637 +0000 UTC m=+257245.161959758: ☑️ agreed by hawkingrei.
• 2024-08-20 09:30:32.357292476 +0000 UTC m=+257827.491742595: ☑️ agreed by Defined2014.

[dveeden]

/retest

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Please upload report for BASE (release-8.1@4b5e057). Learn more about missing BASE report.

Additional details and impacted files

@@               Coverage Diff                @@
##             release-8.1     #55533   +/-   ##
================================================
  Coverage               ?   71.1824%           
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  Files                  ?       1466           
  Lines                  ?     422736           
  Branches               ?          0           
================================================
  Hits                   ?     300914           
  Misses                 ?     101323           
  Partials               ?      20499           

Flag	Coverage Δ
unit	71.1824% <100.0000%> (?)

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Components	Coverage Δ
dumpling	52.9656% <0.0000%> (?)
parser	∅ <0.0000%> (?)
br	41.3217% <0.0000%> (?)