Ensure a sole string-literal passes to panic! is not a fmt string.

To accomplish this, adds `ensure_not_fmt_string_literal!` macro that
will fail the compile if its argument is a fmt string literal.

`ensure_not_fmt_string_literal!` takes a name along with expr; this
allows for better error messages at its usage sites (like `panic!`).

----

Since this is making a certain kind of use of `panic!` illegal, it
is a:

[breaking-change]

In particular, a panic like this:

```rust
panic!("Is it stringified code: { or is it a ill-formed fmt arg? }");
```

must be rewritten; one easy rewrite is to add parentheses:

```rust
panic!(("Is it stringified code: { or is it a ill-formed fmt arg? }"));
```

----

Fix rust-lang#22932.

src/libcore/macros.rs

@@ -8,14 +8,22 @@
 // option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
 // except according to those terms.
 
+// SNAP 5520801
+#[cfg(stage0)]
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! ensure_not_fmt_string_literal {
+    ($name:expr, $e:expr) => { $e }
+}
+
 /// Entry point of task panic, for details, see std::macros
 #[macro_export]
 macro_rules! panic {
     () => (
         panic!("explicit panic")
     );
     ($msg:expr) => ({
-        static _MSG_FILE_LINE: (&'static str, &'static str, u32) = ($msg, file!(), line!());
+        static _MSG_FILE_LINE: (&'static str, &'static str, u32) =
+            (ensure_not_fmt_string_literal!("panic!", $msg), file!(), line!());
         ::core::panicking::panic(&_MSG_FILE_LINE)
     });
     ($fmt:expr, $($arg:tt)*) => ({

src/libstd/macros.rs

@@ -16,6 +16,13 @@
 
 #![unstable(feature = "std_misc")]
 
+// SNAP 5520801
+#[cfg(stage0)]
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! ensure_not_fmt_string_literal {
+    ($name:expr, $e:expr) => { $e }
+}
+
 /// The entry point for panic of Rust tasks.
 ///
 /// This macro is used to inject panic into a Rust task, causing the task to
@@ -44,7 +51,7 @@ macro_rules! panic {
         panic!("explicit panic")
     });
     ($msg:expr) => ({
-        $crate::rt::begin_unwind($msg, {
+        $crate::rt::begin_unwind(ensure_not_fmt_string_literal!("panic!", $msg), {
             // static requires less code at runtime, more constant data
             static _FILE_LINE: (&'static str, usize) = (file!(), line!() as usize);
             &_FILE_LINE

src/libsyntax/ext/base.rs

@@ -458,6 +458,9 @@ fn initial_syntax_expander_table<'feat>(ecfg: &expand::ExpansionConfig<'feat>)
     syntax_expanders.insert(intern("format_args"),
                             // format_args uses `unstable` things internally.
                             NormalTT(Box::new(ext::format::expand_format_args), None, true));
+    syntax_expanders.insert(intern("ensure_not_fmt_string_literal"),
+                            builtin_normal_expander(
+                                    ext::format::ensure_not_fmt_string_literal));
     syntax_expanders.insert(intern("env"),
                             builtin_normal_expander(
                                     ext::env::expand_env));
@@ -748,19 +751,38 @@ impl<'a> ExtCtxt<'a> {
     }
 }
 
+pub type ExprStringLitResult =
+    Result<(P<ast::Expr>, InternedString, ast::StrStyle), P<ast::Expr>>;
+
+/// Extract a string literal from macro expanded version of `expr`.
+///
+/// if `expr` is not string literal, then Err with span for expanded
+/// input, but does not emit any messages nor stop compilation.
+pub fn expr_string_lit(cx: &mut ExtCtxt, expr: P<ast::Expr>) -> ExprStringLitResult
+{
+    // we want to be able to handle e.g. concat("foo", "bar")
+    let expr = cx.expander().fold_expr(expr);
+    let lit = match expr.node {
+        ast::ExprLit(ref l) => match l.node {
+            ast::LitStr(ref s, style) => Some(((*s).clone(), style)),
+            _ => None
+        },
+        _ => None
+    };
+    match lit {
+        Some(lit) => Ok((expr, lit.0, lit.1)),
+        None => Err(expr),
+    }
+}
+
 /// Extract a string literal from the macro expanded version of `expr`,
 /// emitting `err_msg` if `expr` is not a string literal. This does not stop
 /// compilation on error, merely emits a non-fatal error and returns None.
 pub fn expr_to_string(cx: &mut ExtCtxt, expr: P<ast::Expr>, err_msg: &str)
                       -> Option<(InternedString, ast::StrStyle)> {
-    // we want to be able to handle e.g. concat("foo", "bar")
-    let expr = cx.expander().fold_expr(expr);
-    match expr.node {
-        ast::ExprLit(ref l) => match l.node {
-            ast::LitStr(ref s, style) => return Some(((*s).clone(), style)),
-            _ => cx.span_err(l.span, err_msg)
-        },
-        _ => cx.span_err(expr.span, err_msg)
+    match expr_string_lit(cx, expr) {
+        Ok((_, s, style)) => return Some((s, style)),
+        Err(e) => cx.span_err(e.span, err_msg),
     }
     None
 }

src/libsyntax/ext/format.rs

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ use codemap::{Span, respan};
 use ext::base::*;
 use ext::base;
 use ext::build::AstBuilder;
+use fold::Folder;
 use fmt_macros as parse;
 use fold::Folder;
 use parse::token::special_idents;
@@ -628,6 +629,70 @@ impl<'a, 'b> Context<'a, 'b> {
     }
 }
 
+/// Expands `ensure_not_fmt_string_literal!(<where-literal>, <expr>)`
+/// into `<expr>`, but ensures that if `<expr>` is a string-literal,
+/// then it is not a potential format string literal.
+pub fn ensure_not_fmt_string_literal<'cx>(cx: &'cx mut ExtCtxt,
+                                          sp: Span,
+                                          tts: &[ast::TokenTree])
+                                          -> Box<base::MacResult+'cx> {
+    let takes_two_args = |cx: &ExtCtxt, rest| {
+        cx.span_err(sp, &format!("`ensure_not_fmt_string_literal!` \
+                                  takes 2 arguments, {}", rest));
+        DummyResult::expr(sp)
+    };
+    let mut p = cx.new_parser_from_tts(tts);
+    if p.token == token::Eof { return takes_two_args(cx, "given 0"); }
+    let arg1 = cx.expander().fold_expr(p.parse_expr());
+    if p.token != token::Comma { return takes_two_args(cx, "comma-separated"); }
+    p.bump();
+    if p.token == token::Eof { return takes_two_args(cx, "given 1"); }
+    let arg2 = cx.expander().fold_expr(p.parse_expr());
+    if p.token != token::Eof {
+        takes_two_args(cx, "given too many");
+        // (but do not return; handle two provided, nonetheless)
+    }
+
+    // First argument is name of where this was invoked (for error messages).
+    let lit_str_with_extended_lifetime;
+    let name: &str = match expr_string_lit(cx, arg1) {
+        Ok((_, lit_str, _)) => {
+            lit_str_with_extended_lifetime = lit_str;
+            &lit_str_with_extended_lifetime
+        }
+        Err(expr) => {
+            let msg = "first argument to `ensure_not_fmt_string_literal!` \
+                       must be string literal";
+            cx.span_err(expr.span, msg);
+            // Compile proceeds using "ensure_not_fmt_string_literal"
+            // as the name.
+            "ensure_not_fmt_string_literal!"
+        }
+    };
+
+    // Second argument is the expression we are checking.
+    let expr = match expr_string_lit(cx, arg2) {
+        Err(expr) => {
+            // input was not a string literal; just ignore it.
+            expr
+        }
+        Ok((expr, lit_str, _style)) => {
+            let m = format!("{} input cannot be format string literal", name);
+            for c in lit_str.chars() {
+                if c == '{' || c == '}' {
+                    cx.span_err(sp, &m);
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            // we still return the expr itself, to allow catching of
+            // further errors in the input.
+            expr
+        }
+    };
+
+    MacEager::expr(expr)
+}
+
 pub fn expand_format_args<'cx>(ecx: &'cx mut ExtCtxt, sp: Span,
                                tts: &[ast::TokenTree])
                                -> Box<base::MacResult+'cx> {