depr(python): Deprecate some parameters of cut/qcut

[stinodego]

Partially addresses #10468

Changes

• Rename series parameter to as_series and deprecate it. This is a remnant of the old pl.cut function. The method should just return a Series - possibly a struct Series if include_breaks=True.
• Add overload typing specification (will be removed when as_series is removed).
• Deprecate category_label and break_point_label. This is unnecessary parameter bloat. We should set sensible naming defaults and allow the user to overwrite it with Series.struct.rename_fields if they want.
• Clean up docstrings, doc exampes, tests.

To do, in a different PR:

• Split the parameter quantiles for qcut into two parameters - probabilities and n_bins (not 100% sure about the names).

[magarick]

Would this be a breaking change since some people seemed to be depending on the old behavior. I don't know why but that's why I kept it as an option.

[stinodego]

Would this be a breaking change

This is just a deprecation. It would normally to be followed by a breaking change to actually remove the deprecated behavior.