Use a tuple for module_parts parameter to facilitate future caching

[correctmost]

Type of Changes

	Type
✓	🔨 Refactoring

Description

I would like to cache the results of find_module soon. To make that possible, the function parameters will need to be hashable. My plan is to split up the changes to reduce the risk of regressions and to make them easier to review.

This is a follow-up to #2509.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 92.98%. Comparing base (f924ba2) to head (4316e01).
Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main    #2516   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   92.98%   92.98%           
=======================================
  Files          93       93           
  Lines       11049    11049           
=======================================
  Hits        10274    10274           
  Misses        775      775           

Flag	Coverage Δ
linux	92.85% <100.00%> (ø)
pypy	92.98% <100.00%> (ø)
windows	92.96% <100.00%> (ø)

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Files	Coverage Δ
astroid/interpreter/_import/spec.py	97.52% <100.00%> (ø)