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What is pstress ?

pstress is a probability-based open-source database testing tool designed to run in concurrency and to test if the database can recover when something goes wrong. It generates random transactions based on options provided by the user. With the right set of options, users can test features, regression, and crash recovery. It can create concurrent load on a cluster or on a single server.

pstress is extended using the existing framework of pquery and uses a driver script to perform concurrency and crash recovery. pstress primarily has 2 modules:

Workload ( multi-threaded program written in C++ that generates random metadata load and SQLs to execute ) Driver script (written in BASH which integrates the workload to perform concurrency and crash recovery testing )

What is new in pstress ?

  • pstress can be run stand-alone against a running server OR run with the driver shell script and a configuration file. In the later case, the user does not need to start the server manually. The driver shell script starts the server and executes pstress binaries with the set of options passed from the configuration file. After a certain time interval, it stops the server, saves the data directory and restarts the server by varying some server variables and then continues the load. This set of actions is called a step.
  • During each step, the server is bombarded with combinations of SQLs initiated by multiple threads in different SQL connections.
  • After each step, crash recovery is performed using the data directory from the previous step.
  • pstress can generate different varieties of load based on the options provided by the user. For example, the tool can generate a single-threaded test having only inserts in one table or it can generate complex transactions in multiple threads.
  • Kill or shutdown the running server or a node and let it recover and check
  • In case any issue is identified, it is reported in the pstress run logs. By default, pstress saves each trial directory which has the data directory, server error logs, pstress-thread logs. It also saves the mysqld binaries and the configuration file used for running the test.

How to build pstress ?

  1. Install cmake >= 2.6 and C++ compiler >= 4.7 (gcc-c++ for RedHat-based, g++ for Debian-based), the development files for your MySQL version/fork, and potentially OpenSSL and AIO development files and/or other deps if needed.

  2. Change dir to pstress

  3. Run cmake with the required options, which are:

    • -DPERCONASERVER=ON - build pstress with Percona Server
    • -DMYSQL=ON - build pstress with MySQL Server
    • -DPERCONACLUSTER=ON - build pstress with Percona XtraDB Cluster
    • add -DSTATIC_LIBRARY=OFF
  4. If you have MySQL | Percona Server | Percona XtraDB Cluster installed to some custom location you may consider setting the additional flags to cmake: MYSQL_INCLUDE_DIR and MYSQL_LIBRARY. OR, you can set BASEDIR variable if you have binary tarball extracted to some custom place for fully automatic library detection (recommended).

  5. The resulting binary will automatically receive an appropriate flavor suffix:

  • pstress-ms for MySQL
  • pstress-ps for Percona Server
  • pstress-pxc for Percona XtraDB Cluster

Can you give an easy build example using an extracted Percona Server tarball?

$ cd pstress
$ git clean -fd; rm CMakeCache.txt;
$ cmake . -DPERCONASERVER=ON -DSTATIC_LIBRARY=OFF -DBASEDIR=$HOME/mysql-8.0/bld/install
$ sudo make install # If you want pstress to be installed on the system, otherwise the binary can be found in ./src
$ ... build your other MySQL flavors/forks here in the same way, modifying the basedir and the servertype (both -D options) ...

What options does pstress accept?

First, take a quick look at ./pstress-ps --help, ./pstress-ps --help --verbose to see available modes and options.

Command line options example:

Option Function Example Default
--add-column alter table add some random column --add-column=10 default#: 1
--add-drop-partition randomly add drop new partition default#: 3
--add-index alter table add random index default#: 1
--address IP address to connect to default:
--alt-db-enc Alter Database Encryption mode to Y/N default#: 1
--alt-discard-tbs ALTER TABLE table_name DISCARD TABLESPACE --alt-discard-tbs=50 default#: 1
--alter-algorithm algorithm used in alter table. INPLACE/COPY/DEFAULT/ALL --alter-algorith=INPLACE default: all
--alter-lock lock mechanism used in alter table. --alter-lock=NONE default: all
--alter-redo-log Alter instance enable/disable redo log default#: 0
--alter-table-compress Alter table compression --alter-table-compress=50 default#: 10
--alter-table-encrypt Alter table set Encryption --alter-table-encrypt=50 default#: 10
--alt-tbs-enc Alter tablespace set Encryption --alt-tbs-enc=50 default#: 1
--alt-tbs-rename Alter tablespace rename --alt-tbs-rename=50 default#: 1
--analyze Analyze table, for partition table randomly analyze either partition or full table --analyze=10 default#: 1
--check check table, for partition table randomly check either partition or full table default#: 5
--check-preload check table, for partition table randomly check either partition or full table before the load is started default#: 0
--columns maximum columns in a table, default depends on page-size, branch. for 8.0 it is 7 for 5.7 it 10 --columns=10 default#: 10
--commit-rollback-ratio ratio of commit to rollback. e.g. if 5, then 5 transactions will be committed and 1 will be rollback. if 0 then all transactions will be rollback default#: 5
--config-file Config file to use for test default:
--database The database to connect to default: test
--delete-all-row delete all rows of a table --delete-all-row=5 default#: 1
--delete-with-cond delete row with where condition --delete-with-cond=300 default#: 200
--drop-column alter table drop some random column --drop-column=10 default#: 1
--drop-index alter table drop random index default#: 1
--encryption-type all ==> keyring/Y/N --encryption-type=keyring default: Y/N
--engine Engine used --engine=InnoDB default: INNODB
--exact-initial-records When passed with --records (N) option inserts exact number of N records in tables default: 0
--grammar-sql grammar sql default#: 10
--grammar-file file to be used for grammar sql T1_INT_1, T1_INT_2 will be replaced with int columns of some table in database T1_VARCHAR_1, T1_VARCHAR_2 will be replaced with varchar columns of some table in database default: grammar.sql
--help user asked for help default: 1
--index-columns maximum columns in an index of a table, default depends on page-size as well --index-columns=5 default#: 10
--indexes maximum indexes in a table,default depends on page-size as well --indexes=2 default#: 7
--infile The SQL input file default: pquery.sql
--insert-row insert random row --insert-row=500 default#: 600
--jlddl load DDL and exit --jlddl default: 0
--log-all-queries Log all queries (succeeded and failed) default: 1
--log-client-output Log query output to separate file default: 0
--logdir Log directory default: /tmp
--log-failed-queries Log all failed queries default: 0
--log-query-duration Log query duration in milliseconds default: 0
--log-query-numbers write query # to logs default: 0
--log-query-statistics extended output of query result default: 0
--log-succeeded-queries Log succeeded queries default: 0
--max-partitions maximum number of partitions in table choose between 1 and 8192 default#: 25
--metadata-path path of metadata file default:
--modify-column Alter table column modify default#: 10
--mso mysqld server options variables which are set during the load, see --set-variable. n:option=v1=v2 where n is probability of picking option, v1 and v2 different value that are supported. --mso=innodb_temp_tablespace_encrypt=on=off default:
--no-auto-inc Disable auto inc columns in table, including pkey default: 0
--no-blob Disable blob columns default: 0
--no-column-compression Disable column compression. It is percona style compression default: 0
--no-ddl do not use ddl in workload --no-ddl default: 0
--no-delete do not execute any type of delete on tables default: 0
--no-desc-index Disable index with desc on tables default: 0
--no-encryption Disable All type of encryption --no-encryption default: 0
--no-insert do not execute insert into tables --alt-db-enc=30 default: 0
--no-partition-tables do not work on partition tables default: 0
--no-select do not execute any type select on tables default: 0
--no-shuffle execute SQL sequentially/ randomly default: 0
--no-table-compression Disable table compression default: 0
--no-tbs disable all type of tablespace including the general tablespace default: 0
--no-temp-tables do not work on temporary tables default: 0
--no-update do not execute any type of update on tables default: 0
--no-virtual Disable virtual columns default: 0
--only-cl-ddl only run command line ddl. other ddl will be disabled --only-cl-ddl default: 0
--only-cl-sql only run command line sql. other sql will be disable --only-cl-sql default: 0
--only-partition-tables Work only on Partition tables default: 0
--only-temp-tables Work only on temporary tables default: 0
--optimize optimize table --optimize=10 default#: 3
--partition-types total partition supported all for LIST, HASH, KEY, RANGE or to provide or pass for example --partition-types LIST,HASH,RANGE without space default: all
--password The MySQL user's password default:
--port: Port to use default#: 3306
--pquery run pstress as pquery 2.0. sqls will be executed from --infine in some order based on shuffle. basically it will run in pquery mode you can also use -k default: 0
--prepare create new random tables and insert initial records default: 0
--primary-key-probability Probability of adding primary key in a table --primary-key-probability=40 default#: 50
--queries-per-thread The number of queries per thread default#: 1
--ratio-normal-temp ratio of normal to temporary tables. for e.g. if ratio to normal table to temporary is 10 . --tables 40. them only 4 temporary table will be created per session --ratio-normal-temp=4 default#: 10
--records Number of initial records in table --records=100 default#: 1000
--recreate-table drop and recreate table --recreate-table=5 default#: 1
--rename-column alter table rename column --rename-column=10 default#: 1
--rename-index alter table rename index default#: 1
--rotate-encryption-key Alter instance rotate innodb system key X default#: 1
--rotate-gcache-key Alter instance rotate gcache master key default#: 1
--rotate-master-key Alter instance rotate innodb master key --rotate-master-key=50 default#: 1
--rotate-redo-log-key Rotate redo log key --rotate-redo-log-key=50 default#: 1
--row-format create table row format. it is the row format of table. a table can have compressed, dynamic, redundant row format. --row-format=compressed default: all
--savepoint-prb-k probability of using savepoint in a transaction.Also 25% such transaction will be rollback to some savepoint default#: 50
--seconds Number of seconds to execute workload --seconds=100 default#: 1000
--seed Initial seed used for the test --seed=1001 Random value
--select-all-row select all data probability --select-all-row=10 default#: 8
--select-single-row Select table using single row --select-single-row=20 default#: 800
--set-variable set mysqld variable during the load.(session global) --set-variable=autocommit=OFF
--socket Socket file to use default: /tmp/socket.sock
--sof server options file, MySQL server options file, picks some of the mysqld options, and try to set them during the load , using set global and set session --sof=innodb_temp_tablespace_encrypt=on=off default:
--step current step in pstress script default#: 1
--tables Number of initial tables --tables=10 default#: 10
--tbs-count random number of different general tablespaces --tbs-count=3 default#: 1
--test-connection Test connection to server and exit default: 0
--threads The number of threads to use default#: 1
--truncate truncate table --truncate=5 default#: 1
--trx-prb-k probability(out of 1000) of combining sql as single trx default#: 10
--trx-size average size of each trx default#: 100
--undo-tbs-count Number of default undo tablespaces --undo-tbs-count=3 default#: 3
--undo-tbs-sql Assign probability of running create/alter/drop undo tablespace --undo-tbs-sql=50 default#: 1
--update-with-cond Update row using where clause --update-with-cond=500 default#: 200
--user The MySQL userID to be used default: root
--verbose verbose default: 1

How to do a sample pstress run

pstress must be run from the directory where the executable binaries are located. Commonly, the binaries are located inside the src directory. cd pstress/src

./pstress-ps --tables 30 --logdir=$PWD/log --records 200 --threads 10 --seconds 100 --socket $SOCKET --insert-row 100 --update-with-cond 50 --no-delete --log-failed-queries --log-all-queries --no-encryption

How to do a sample pstress run through Driver Script

It can be run with the driver shell script(pstress-run.sh) and a configuration file(pstress-run.conf) located in pstress directory. cd pstress/pstress

nohup ./pstress-run.sh pstress-run.conf 2>&1 &

Check run logs through tail -f nohup.out

Contributors

  • Alexey Bychko - C++ code, cmake extensions
  • Roel Van de Paar - invention, scripted framework
  • Rahul Malik - pstress developer
  • Mohit Joshi - pstress developer
  • For the full list of contributors, please see CONTRIBUTORS

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