Make BuildUrl an extension

RestSharp.sln.DotSettings

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 <wpf:ResourceDictionary xml:space="preserve" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:s="clr-namespace:System;assembly=mscorlib" xmlns:ss="urn:shemas-jetbrains-com:settings-storage-xaml" xmlns:wpf="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation">
+	<s:Boolean x:Key="/Default/CodeEditing/SuppressUninitializedWarningFix/Enabled/@EntryValue">False</s:Boolean>
 	<s:String x:Key="/Default/CodeInspection/Highlighting/InspectionSeverities/=ArrangeConstructorOrDestructorBody/@EntryIndexedValue">SUGGESTION</s:String>
 	<s:String x:Key="/Default/CodeInspection/Highlighting/InspectionSeverities/=ArrangeLocalFunctionBody/@EntryIndexedValue">SUGGESTION</s:String>
 	<s:String x:Key="/Default/CodeInspection/Highlighting/InspectionSeverities/=ArrangeMethodOrOperatorBody/@EntryIndexedValue">SUGGESTION</s:String>

benchmarks/RestSharp.Benchmarks/RestSharp.Benchmarks.csproj

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
     </PropertyGroup>
 
     <ItemGroup>
-        <PackageReference Include="AutoFixture" Version="4.17.0" />
+        <PackageReference Include="AutoFixture" Version="4.18.0" />
         <PackageReference Include="BenchmarkDotNet" Version="0.13.2" />
     </ItemGroup>
     <ItemGroup>

gen/SourceGenerator/SourceGenerator.csproj

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 
     <ItemGroup>
         <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Analyzers" Version="3.3.4" PrivateAssets="All"/>
-        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp" Version="4.4.0" PrivateAssets="All"/>
+        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp" Version="4.5.0" PrivateAssets="All"/>
     </ItemGroup>
 
     <ItemGroup>

src/Directory.Build.props

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 
     <ItemGroup>
         <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.SourceLink.GitHub" Version="1.1.1" PrivateAssets="All"/>
-        <PackageReference Include="MinVer" Version="4.2.0" PrivateAssets="All"/>
+        <PackageReference Include="MinVer" Version="4.3.0" PrivateAssets="All"/>
         <PackageReference Include="JetBrains.Annotations" Version="2022.3.1" PrivateAssets="All"/>
     </ItemGroup>
     <ItemGroup>

src/RestSharp/Authenticators/AuthenticatorBase.cs

@@ -21,6 +21,6 @@ public abstract class AuthenticatorBase : IAuthenticator {
 
     protected abstract ValueTask<Parameter> GetAuthenticationParameter(string accessToken);
 
-    public async ValueTask Authenticate(RestClient client, RestRequest request)
+    public async ValueTask Authenticate(IRestClient client, RestRequest request)
         => request.AddOrUpdateParameter(await GetAuthenticationParameter(Token).ConfigureAwait(false));
 }

src/RestSharp/Authenticators/IAuthenticator.cs

@@ -15,5 +15,5 @@
 namespace RestSharp.Authenticators;
 
 public interface IAuthenticator {
-    ValueTask Authenticate(RestClient client, RestRequest request);
+    ValueTask Authenticate(IRestClient client, RestRequest request);
 }

src/RestSharp/Authenticators/OAuth/OAuth1Authenticator.cs

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 using RestSharp.Extensions;
 using System.Web;
 
+// ReSharper disable NotResolvedInText
 // ReSharper disable CheckNamespace
 
 namespace RestSharp.Authenticators;
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ public class OAuth1Authenticator : IAuthenticator {
     public virtual string?                 ClientUsername     { get; set; }
     public virtual string?                 ClientPassword     { get; set; }
 
-    public ValueTask Authenticate(RestClient client, RestRequest request) {
+    public ValueTask Authenticate(IRestClient client, RestRequest request) {
         var workflow = new OAuthWorkflow {
             ConsumerKey        = ConsumerKey,
             ConsumerSecret     = ConsumerSecret,
@@ -64,8 +65,8 @@ public static OAuth1Authenticator ForRequestToken(
         string               consumerKey,
         string?              consumerSecret,
         OAuthSignatureMethod signatureMethod = OAuthSignatureMethod.HmacSha1
-    ) {
-        var authenticator = new OAuth1Authenticator {
+    )
+        => new() {
             ParameterHandling  = OAuthParameterHandling.HttpAuthorizationHeader,
             SignatureMethod    = signatureMethod,
             SignatureTreatment = OAuthSignatureTreatment.Escaped,
@@ -74,10 +75,6 @@ public static OAuth1Authenticator ForRequestToken(
             Type               = OAuthType.RequestToken
         };
 
-        return authenticator;
-    }
-
-    [PublicAPI]
     public static OAuth1Authenticator ForRequestToken(string consumerKey, string? consumerSecret, string callbackUrl) {
         var authenticator = ForRequestToken(consumerKey, consumerSecret);
 
@@ -105,7 +102,6 @@ public static OAuth1Authenticator ForAccessToken(
             Type               = OAuthType.AccessToken
         };
 
-    [PublicAPI]
     public static OAuth1Authenticator ForAccessToken(
         string  consumerKey,
         string? consumerSecret,
@@ -171,7 +167,6 @@ public static OAuth1Authenticator ForClientAuthentication(
             Type               = OAuthType.ClientAuthentication
         };
 
-    [PublicAPI]
     public static OAuth1Authenticator ForProtectedResource(
         string               consumerKey,
         string?              consumerSecret,
@@ -190,7 +185,7 @@ public static OAuth1Authenticator ForProtectedResource(
             TokenSecret        = accessTokenSecret
         };
 
-    void AddOAuthData(RestClient client, RestRequest request, OAuthWorkflow workflow) {
+    void AddOAuthData(IRestClient client, RestRequest request, OAuthWorkflow workflow) {
         var requestUrl = client.BuildUriWithoutQueryParameters(request).AbsoluteUri;
 
         if (requestUrl.Contains('?'))
@@ -201,11 +196,9 @@ void AddOAuthData(RestClient client, RestRequest request, OAuthWorkflow workflow
         var url              = client.BuildUri(request).ToString();
         var queryStringStart = url.IndexOf('?');
 
-        if (queryStringStart != -1)
-            url = url.Substring(0, queryStringStart);
-
-        var method = request.Method.ToString().ToUpperInvariant();
+        if (queryStringStart != -1) url = url.Substring(0, queryStringStart);
 
+        var method     = request.Method.ToString().ToUpperInvariant();
         var parameters = new WebPairCollection();
 
         // include all GET and POST parameters before generating the signature
@@ -247,21 +240,18 @@ void AddOAuthData(RestClient client, RestRequest request, OAuthWorkflow workflow
 
         request.AddOrUpdateParameters(oauthParameters);
 
-        IEnumerable<Parameter> CreateHeaderParameters()
-            => new[] { new HeaderParameter(KnownHeaders.Authorization, GetAuthorizationHeader()) };
+        IEnumerable<Parameter> CreateHeaderParameters() => new[] { new HeaderParameter(KnownHeaders.Authorization, GetAuthorizationHeader()) };
 
-        IEnumerable<Parameter> CreateUrlParameters()
-            => oauth.Parameters.Select(p => new GetOrPostParameter(p.Name, HttpUtility.UrlDecode(p.Value)));
+        IEnumerable<Parameter> CreateUrlParameters() => oauth.Parameters.Select(p => new GetOrPostParameter(p.Name, HttpUtility.UrlDecode(p.Value)));
 
         string GetAuthorizationHeader() {
             var oathParameters =
                 oauth.Parameters
                     .OrderBy(x => x, WebPair.Comparer)
-                    .Select(x => $"{x.Name}=\"{x.WebValue}\"")
+                    .Select(x => x.GetQueryParameter(true))
                     .ToList();
 
-            if (!Realm.IsEmpty())
-                oathParameters.Insert(0, $"realm=\"{OAuthTools.UrlEncodeRelaxed(Realm!)}\"");
+            if (!Realm.IsEmpty()) oathParameters.Insert(0, $"realm=\"{OAuthTools.UrlEncodeRelaxed(Realm)}\"");
 
             return $"OAuth {string.Join(",", oathParameters)}";
         }
@@ -270,5 +260,5 @@ string GetAuthorizationHeader() {
 
 static class ParametersExtensions {
     internal static IEnumerable<WebPair> ToWebParameters(this IEnumerable<Parameter> p)
-        => p.Select(x => new WebPair(Ensure.NotNull(x.Name, "Parameter name"), Ensure.NotNull(x.Value, "Parameter value").ToString()!));
-}
+        => p.Select(x => new WebPair(Ensure.NotNull(x.Name, "Parameter name"), x.Value?.ToString()));
+}

src/RestSharp/Authenticators/OAuth/OAuthTools.cs

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
 
+using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
 using System.Security.Cryptography;
 using System.Text;
 using RestSharp.Authenticators.OAuth.Extensions;
@@ -88,7 +89,10 @@ public static string GetNonce() {
     /// actually worked (which in my experiments it <i>doesn't</i>), we can't rely on every
     /// host actually having this configuration element present.
     /// </remarks>
-    public static string UrlEncodeRelaxed(string value) {
+    [return: NotNullIfNotNull(nameof(value))]
+    public static string? UrlEncodeRelaxed(string? value) {
+        if (value == null) return null;
+
         // Escape RFC 3986 chars first.
         var escapedRfc3986 = new StringBuilder(value);
 
@@ -117,8 +121,9 @@ public static string UrlEncodeRelaxed(string value) {
     // Generic Syntax," .) section 2.3) MUST be encoded.
     // ...
     // unreserved = ALPHA, DIGIT, '-', '.', '_', '~'
-    public static string UrlEncodeStrict(string value)
-        => string.Join("", value.Select(x => Unreserved.Contains(x) ? x.ToString() : $"%{(byte)x:X2}"));
+    [return: NotNullIfNotNull(nameof(value))]
+    public static string? UrlEncodeStrict(string? value)
+        => value == null ? null : string.Join("", value.Select(x => Unreserved.Contains(x) ? x.ToString() : $"%{(byte)x:X2}"));
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Sorts a collection of key-value pairs by name, and then value if equal,
@@ -137,9 +142,9 @@ public static string UrlEncodeStrict(string value)
     public static IEnumerable<string> SortParametersExcludingSignature(WebPairCollection parameters)
         => parameters
             .Where(x => !x.Name.EqualsIgnoreCase("oauth_signature"))
-            .Select(x => new WebPair(UrlEncodeStrict(x.Name), UrlEncodeStrict(x.Value), x.Encode))
+            .Select(x => new WebPair(UrlEncodeStrict(x.Name), UrlEncodeStrict(x.Value)))
             .OrderBy(x => x, WebPair.Comparer)
-            .Select(x => $"{x.Name}={x.Value}");
+            .Select(x => x.GetQueryParameter(false));
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Creates a request URL suitable for making OAuth requests.
@@ -151,8 +156,8 @@ public static IEnumerable<string> SortParametersExcludingSignature(WebPairCollec
     static string ConstructRequestUrl(Uri url) {
         Ensure.NotNull(url, nameof(url));
 
-        var basic  = url.Scheme == "http" && url.Port == 80;
-        var secure = url.Scheme == "https" && url.Port == 443;
+        var basic  = url is { Scheme: "http", Port : 80 };
+        var secure = url is { Scheme: "https", Port: 443 };
         var port   = basic || secure ? "" : $":{url.Port}";
 
         return $"{url.Scheme}://{url.Host}{port}{url.AbsolutePath}";

src/RestSharp/Authenticators/OAuth/WebPair.cs

@@ -15,17 +15,20 @@
 namespace RestSharp.Authenticators.OAuth;
 
 class WebPair {
-    public WebPair(string name, string value, bool encode = false) {
+    public WebPair(string name, string? value, bool encode = false) {
         Name     = name;
         Value    = value;
         WebValue = encode ? OAuthTools.UrlEncodeRelaxed(value) : value;
-        Encode   = encode;
     }
 
-    public string Name     { get; }
-    public string Value    { get; }
-    public string WebValue { get; }
-    public bool   Encode   { get; }
+    public string  Name     { get; }
+    public string? Value    { get; }
+    string?        WebValue { get; }
+
+    public string  GetQueryParameter(bool web) {
+        var value = web ? $"\"{WebValue}\"" : Value;
+        return value == null ? Name : $"{Name}={value}";
+    }
 
     internal static WebPairComparer Comparer { get; } = new();
 
@@ -36,4 +39,4 @@ public int Compare(WebPair? x, WebPair? y) {
             return compareName != 0 ? compareName : string.CompareOrdinal(x?.Value, y?.Value);
         }
     }
-}
+}

src/RestSharp/BuildUriExtensions.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+//  Copyright (c) .NET Foundation and Contributors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+namespace RestSharp;
+
+public static class BuildUriExtensions {
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Builds the URI for the request
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="client">Client instance</param>
+    /// <param name="request">Request instance</param>
+    /// <returns></returns>
+    public static Uri BuildUri(this IRestClient client, RestRequest request) {
+        DoBuildUriValidations(client, request);
+
+        var (uri, resource) = client.Options.BaseUrl.GetUrlSegmentParamsValues(
+            request.Resource,
+            client.Options.Encode,
+            request.Parameters,
+            client.DefaultParameters
+        );
+        var mergedUri = uri.MergeBaseUrlAndResource(resource);
+        var query     = client.GetRequestQuery(request);
+        return mergedUri.AddQueryString(query);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Builds the URI for the request without query parameters.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="client">Client instance</param>
+    /// <param name="request">Request instance</param>
+    /// <returns></returns>
+    public static Uri BuildUriWithoutQueryParameters(this IRestClient client, RestRequest request) {
+        DoBuildUriValidations(client, request);
+
+        var (uri, resource) = client.Options.BaseUrl.GetUrlSegmentParamsValues(
+            request.Resource,
+            client.Options.Encode,
+            request.Parameters,
+            client.DefaultParameters
+        );
+        return uri.MergeBaseUrlAndResource(resource);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Gets the query string for the request.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="client">Client instance</param>
+    /// <param name="request">Request instance</param>
+    /// <returns></returns>
+    [PublicAPI]
+    public static string? GetRequestQuery(this IRestClient client, RestRequest request) {
+        var parametersCollections = new ParametersCollection[] { request.Parameters, client.DefaultParameters };
+
+        var parameters = parametersCollections.SelectMany(x => x.GetQueryParameters(request.Method)).ToList();
+
+        return parameters.Count == 0 ? null : string.Join("&", parameters.Select(EncodeParameter).ToArray());
+
+        string GetString(string name, string? value, Func<string, string>? encode) {
+            var val = encode != null && value != null ? encode(value) : value;
+            return val == null ? name : $"{name}={val}";
+        }
+
+        string EncodeParameter(Parameter parameter)
+            => !parameter.Encode
+                ? GetString(parameter.Name!, parameter.Value?.ToString(), null)
+                : GetString(
+                    client.Options.EncodeQuery(parameter.Name!, client.Options.Encoding),
+                    parameter.Value?.ToString(),
+                    x => client.Options.EncodeQuery(x, client.Options.Encoding)
+                );
+    }
+
+    static void DoBuildUriValidations(IRestClient client, RestRequest request) {
+        if (client.Options.BaseUrl == null && !request.Resource.ToLowerInvariant().StartsWith("http"))
+            throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(
+                nameof(request),
+                "Request resource doesn't contain a valid scheme for an empty base URL of the client"
+            );
+    }
+}

src/RestSharp/IRestClient.cs

@@ -28,6 +28,11 @@ public interface IRestClient : IDisposable {
     /// </summary>
     RestSerializers Serializers { get; }
 
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Default parameters to use on every request made with this client instance.
+    /// </summary>
+    DefaultParameters DefaultParameters { get; }
+
     /// <summary>
     /// Executes the request asynchronously, authenticating if needed
     /// </summary>