Auto merge of #79801 - eddyb:scalar-transmute, r=nagisa

rustc_codegen_ssa: use bitcasts instead of type punning for scalar transmutes.

This specifically helps with `f32` <-> `u32` (`from_bits`, `to_bits`) in Rust-GPU (`rustc_codegen_spirv`), where (AFAIK) we don't yet have enough infrastructure to turn type punning memory accesses into SSA bitcasts.
(There may be more instances, but the one I've seen myself is `f32::signum` from `num-traits` inspecting e.g. the sign bit)

Sadly I've had to make an exception for `transmute`s between pointers and non-pointers, as LLVM disallows using `bitcast` for them.

r? `@nagisa` cc `@khyperia`

compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/mir/block.rs

@@ -1395,6 +1395,25 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx, Bx: BuilderMethods<'a, 'tcx>> FunctionCx<'a, 'tcx, Bx> {
         dst: PlaceRef<'tcx, Bx::Value>,
     ) {
         let src = self.codegen_operand(bx, src);
+
+        // Special-case transmutes between scalars as simple bitcasts.
+        match (&src.layout.abi, &dst.layout.abi) {
+            (abi::Abi::Scalar(src_scalar), abi::Abi::Scalar(dst_scalar)) => {
+                // HACK(eddyb) LLVM doesn't like `bitcast`s between pointers and non-pointers.
+                if (src_scalar.value == abi::Pointer) == (dst_scalar.value == abi::Pointer) {
+                    assert_eq!(src.layout.size, dst.layout.size);
+
+                    // NOTE(eddyb) the `from_immediate` and `to_immediate_scalar`
+                    // conversions allow handling `bool`s the same as `u8`s.
+                    let src = bx.from_immediate(src.immediate());
+                    let src_as_dst = bx.bitcast(src, bx.backend_type(dst.layout));
+                    Immediate(bx.to_immediate_scalar(src_as_dst, dst_scalar)).store(bx, dst);
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
+
         let llty = bx.backend_type(src.layout);
         let cast_ptr = bx.pointercast(dst.llval, bx.type_ptr_to(llty));
         let align = src.layout.align.abi.min(dst.align);

src/test/codegen/transmute-scalar.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+// compile-flags: -O -C no-prepopulate-passes
+
+#![crate_type = "lib"]
+
+// FIXME(eddyb) all of these tests show memory stores and loads, even after a
+// scalar `bitcast`, more special-casing is required to remove `alloca` usage.
+
+// CHECK: define i32 @f32_to_bits(float %x)
+// CHECK: %2 = bitcast float %x to i32
+// CHECK-NEXT: store i32 %2, i32* %0
+// CHECK-NEXT: %3 = load i32, i32* %0
+// CHECK: ret i32 %3
+#[no_mangle]
+pub fn f32_to_bits(x: f32) -> u32 {
+    unsafe { std::mem::transmute(x) }
+}
+
+// CHECK: define i8 @bool_to_byte(i1 zeroext %b)
+// CHECK: %1 = zext i1 %b to i8
+// CHECK-NEXT: store i8 %1, i8* %0
+// CHECK-NEXT: %2 = load i8, i8* %0
+// CHECK: ret i8 %2
+#[no_mangle]
+pub fn bool_to_byte(b: bool) -> u8 {
+    unsafe { std::mem::transmute(b) }
+}
+
+// CHECK: define zeroext i1 @byte_to_bool(i8 %byte)
+// CHECK: %1 = trunc i8 %byte to i1
+// CHECK-NEXT: %2 = zext i1 %1 to i8
+// CHECK-NEXT: store i8 %2, i8* %0
+// CHECK-NEXT: %3 = load i8, i8* %0
+// CHECK-NEXT: %4 = trunc i8 %3 to i1
+// CHECK: ret i1 %4
+#[no_mangle]
+pub unsafe fn byte_to_bool(byte: u8) -> bool {
+    std::mem::transmute(byte)
+}
+
+// CHECK: define i8* @ptr_to_ptr(i16* %p)
+// CHECK: %2 = bitcast i16* %p to i8*
+// CHECK-NEXT: store i8* %2, i8** %0
+// CHECK-NEXT: %3 = load i8*, i8** %0
+// CHECK: ret i8* %3
+#[no_mangle]
+pub fn ptr_to_ptr(p: *mut u16) -> *mut u8 {
+    unsafe { std::mem::transmute(p) }
+}
+
+// HACK(eddyb) scalar `transmute`s between pointers and non-pointers are
+// currently not special-cased like other scalar `transmute`s, because
+// LLVM requires specifically `ptrtoint`/`inttoptr` instead of `bitcast`.
+//
+// Tests below show the non-special-cased behavior (with the possible
+// future special-cased instructions in the "NOTE(eddyb)" comments).
+
+// CHECK: define [[USIZE:i[0-9]+]] @ptr_to_int(i16* %p)
+
+// NOTE(eddyb) see above, the following two CHECK lines should ideally be this:
+//        %2 = ptrtoint i16* %p to [[USIZE]]
+//             store [[USIZE]] %2, [[USIZE]]* %0
+// CHECK: %2 = bitcast [[USIZE]]* %0 to i16**
+// CHECK-NEXT: store i16* %p, i16** %2
+
+// CHECK-NEXT: %3 = load [[USIZE]], [[USIZE]]* %0
+// CHECK: ret [[USIZE]] %3
+#[no_mangle]
+pub fn ptr_to_int(p: *mut u16) -> usize {
+    unsafe { std::mem::transmute(p) }
+}
+
+// CHECK: define i16* @int_to_ptr([[USIZE]] %i)
+
+// NOTE(eddyb) see above, the following two CHECK lines should ideally be this:
+//        %2 = inttoptr [[USIZE]] %i to i16*
+//             store i16* %2, i16** %0
+// CHECK: %2 = bitcast i16** %0 to [[USIZE]]*
+// CHECK-NEXT: store [[USIZE]] %i, [[USIZE]]* %2
+
+// CHECK-NEXT: %3 = load i16*, i16** %0
+// CHECK: ret i16* %3
+#[no_mangle]
+pub fn int_to_ptr(i: usize) -> *mut u16 {
+    unsafe { std::mem::transmute(i) }
+}