support LLVM subtargets

[graydon]

Currently we generate code for LLVM targets with target-specific features (subtargets, use of specific ISA features) on or off based on defaults. In some cases the defaults are ok, sometimes they're sniffed from the host (!) but in any case the user has no way to do something like "build me an x86 binary with no SSE".

This matters for old hardware, and will matter much more when targeting phones.

Also the bots should be modified to build snapshots using the narrowest subtarget they can specify, so we can support self-hosting on the oldest hardware people happen to have. This was hit when @andrewjbaker tried to build stage1 on an older AMD Socket-A (pre-SSE2) chip. It's old but it's not that old. We should continue to at least work there.

This piece has some driver work and some convert-to-strings-that-LLVM-understands work.

The driver work consists of taking -m<foo> and -mno-<foo> flags on the command line for individual CPU features, as well as -march=<foo>, -mcpu=<cpu> and -mabi=<abi> abbreviations that set -m<foo> feature flags collectively by more friendly arch/cpu names.

Take a look in clang's command-line options file as well as its target file that translates down to LLVM-specific features. This is currently a jumble. Everyone knows it's a jumble. Rationalizing it will take a lot of work and we can't do it ahead of a drive to do so on the part of the LLVM and clang maintainers. We're along for the ride.

Look at, say, X86TargetInfo in:

http://llvm.org/viewvc/llvm-project/cfe/trunk/lib/Basic/Targets.cpp?view=markup

And the various -mfoo flags in:
http://llvm.org/viewvc/llvm-project/cfe/trunk/include/clang/Driver/Options.td?view=markup

http://nondot.org/sabre/LLVMNotes/TargetSpec.txt

[graydon]

In 079c3b0 I changed the CPU string to "generic" which triggers the most-conservative subtarget mode on LLVM (rather than sniffing the host). This was necessary to get our builds.

This should help a bit on the subtarget-related bugs linked above (at least after the next snapshot) but it doesn't really fix the ability-to-specify-subtarget problem. Just makes it hurt less.

[pnkfelix]

Not critical for 0.6; de-milestoning