Enable crt-static for FreeBSD to enable statically compiled binaries.

The advantage of this is that it does not need to be assigned to a
variable to be used in a `Context` creation, which is the most common
thing to want to do with a noop waker.

If an owned noop waker is desired, it can be created by cloning, but the
reverse is harder. Alternatively, both versions could be provided, like
`futures::task::noop_waker()` and `futures::task::noop_waker_ref()`, but
that seems to me to be API clutter for a very small benefit, whereas
having the `&'static` reference available is a large benefit.

Previous discussion on the tracking issue starting here:
rust-lang#98286 (comment)

`Waker::noop()` now returns a `&'static Waker` reference, so it can be
passed directly to `Context` creation with no temporary lifetime issue.

Save liveness results for DestinationPropagation

`DestinationPropagation` needs to verify that merge candidates do not conflict with each other. This is done by verifying that a local is not live when its counterpart is written to.

To get the liveness information, the pass runs `MaybeLiveLocals` dataflow analysis repeatedly, once for each propagation round. This is quite costly, and the main driver for the perf impact on `ucd` and `diesel`. (See rust-lang#115105 (comment))

In order to mitigate this cost, this PR proposes to save the result of the analysis into a `SparseIntervalMatrix`, and mirror merges of locals into that matrix: `liveness(destination) := liveness(destination) union liveness(source)`.

<details>
<summary>Proof</summary>

We denote by `'` all the quantities of the transformed program. Let $\varphi$ be a mapping of locals, which maps `source` to `destination`, and is identity otherwise. The exact liveness set after a statement is $out'(statement)$, and the proposed liveness set is $\varphi(out(statement))$.

Consider a statement. Suppose that the output state verifies $out' \subset phi(out)$. We want to prove that $in' \subset \varphi(in)$ where $in = (out - kill) \cup gen$, and conclude by induction.

We have 2 cases: either that statement is kept with locals renumbered by $\varphi$, or it is a tautological assignment and it removed.

1. If the statement is kept: the gen-set and the kill-set of $statement' = \varphi(statement)$ are $gen' = \varphi(gen)$ and $kill' = \varphi(kill)$ exactly.
From soundness requirement 3, $\varphi(in)$ is disjoint from $\varphi(kill)$.
This implies that $\varphi(out - kill)$ is disjoint from $\varphi(kill)$, and so $\varphi(out - kill) = \varphi(out) - \varphi(kill)$. Then $\varphi(in) = (\varphi(out) - \varphi(kill)) \cup \varphi(gen) = (\varphi(out) - kill') \cup gen'$.
We can conclude that $out' \subset \varphi(out) \implies in' \subset \varphi(in)$.

2. If the statement is removed. As $\varphi(statement)$ is a tautological assignment, we know that $\varphi(gen) = \varphi(kill) = \\{ destination \\}$, while $gen' = kill' = \emptyset$. So $\varphi(in) = \varphi(out) \cup \\{ destination \\}$. Then $in' = out' \subset out \subset \varphi(in)$.

By recursion, we can conclude by that $in' \subset \varphi(in)$ everywhere.
</details>

This approximate liveness results is only suboptimal if there are locals that fully disappear from the CFG due to an assignment cycle. These cases are quite unlikely, so we do not bother with them.

This change allows to reduce the perf impact of DestinationPropagation by half on diesel and ucd (rust-lang#115105 (comment)).

cc `@JakobDegen`

…ls, r=Amanieu

proc_macro: Add Literal::c_string constructor

Adds a constructor for C string literals, hopefully starts addressing rust-lang#118560.

Tracking issue: rust-lang#119750

…leywiser

Enable Static Builds for FreeBSD

Enable crt-static for FreeBSD to enable statically compiled binaries.

Modify GenericArg and Term structs to use strict provenance rules

This is the first PR to solve issue rust-lang#119217 . In this PR, I have modified the GenericArg struct to use the `NonNull` struct as the pointer instead of `NonZeroUsize`. The change were tested by running `./x test compiler/rustc_middle`.

Resolves rust-lang#119217

r? `@WaffleLapkin`

…and-opaque-types-do-mix-sometimes, r=compiler-errors

Don't ICE if TAIT-defining fn contains a closure with `_` in return type

The `delay_span_bug` got added in rust-lang@0e82aae to reduce the amount of errors emitted for functions that have `_` in their return type, because inference doesn't apply to function items. But this logic shouldn't apply to closures, because their return types *can* be inferred.

Fixes rust-lang#119916.

Change return type of unstable `Waker::noop()` from `Waker` to `&Waker`.

The advantage of this is that it does not need to be assigned to a variable to be used in a `Context` creation, which is the most common thing to want to do with a noop waker. It also avoids unnecessarily executing the dynamically dispatched drop function when the noop waker is dropped.

If an owned noop waker is desired, it can be created by cloning, but the reverse is harder to do since it requires declaring a constant. Alternatively, both versions could be provided, like `futures::task::noop_waker()` and `futures::task::noop_waker_ref()`, but that seems to me to be API clutter for a very small benefit, whereas having the `&'static` reference available is a large reduction in boilerplate.

[Previous discussion on the tracking issue starting here](rust-lang#98286 (comment))

…-ozkan

Consistently unset RUSTC_BOOTSTRAP when compiling bootstrap

Since rust-lang#113906, all x.py invocations performed by rust-analyzer have RUSTC_BOOTSTRAP=1 set. This was to fix rust-lang#112391 (comment) — rust-analyzer uses some default cargo from the system when fetching workspace layout, and the standard library uses some unstable cargo feature, so x.py would previously fail if the system toolchain wasn't nightly.

https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/82e1608dfa6e0b5569232559e3d385fea5a93112/library/std/Cargo.toml#L1

This PR changes x.py to cancel out this RUSTC_BOOTSTRAP=1 when compiling bootstrap. It will only remain set when running the compiled bootstrap executable. This fixes spurious bootstrap rebuilds in the event that a rust-analyzer x.py invocation is alternated with someone running x.py themself on the command line, if any dependency of bootstrap looks at `option_env!("RUSTC_BOOTSTRAP")`, which is the case since rust-lang#119654.

**Before:**

```console
$ RUSTC_BOOTSTRAP=1 ./x.py check library/core
Building bootstrap
   Compiling proc-macro2 v1.0.76
   Compiling quote v1.0.35
   Compiling syn v2.0.48
   Compiling clap_derive v4.4.7
   Compiling serde_derive v1.0.195
   Compiling clap v4.4.13
   Compiling clap_complete v4.4.6
   Compiling build_helper v0.1.0
   Compiling bootstrap v0.0.0
    Finished dev [unoptimized] target(s) in 6.31s
Checking stage0 library artifacts {core} (x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu)
    Finished release [optimized] target(s) in 0.23s
Build completed successfully in 0:00:07

$ ./x.py check library/core
Building bootstrap
   Compiling proc-macro2 v1.0.76
   Compiling quote v1.0.35
   Compiling syn v2.0.48
   Compiling clap_derive v4.4.7
   Compiling serde_derive v1.0.195
   Compiling clap v4.4.13
   Compiling clap_complete v4.4.6
   Compiling build_helper v0.1.0
   Compiling bootstrap v0.0.0
    Finished dev [unoptimized] target(s) in 5.30s
Checking stage0 library artifacts {core} (x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu)
    Finished release [optimized] target(s) in 0.25s
Build completed successfully in 0:00:06
```

**After:**

```console
$ RUSTC_BOOTSTRAP=1 ./x.py check library/core
Building bootstrap
    Finished dev [unoptimized] target(s) in 0.06s
Checking stage0 library artifacts {core} (x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu)
    Finished release [optimized] target(s) in 0.14s
Build completed successfully in 0:00:01

$ ./x.py check library/core
Building bootstrap
    Finished dev [unoptimized] target(s) in 0.04s
Checking stage0 library artifacts {core} (x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu)
    Finished release [optimized] target(s) in 0.13s
Build completed successfully in 0:00:01
```

… r=compiler-errors

Gracefully handle missing typeck information if typeck errored

fixes rust-lang#116893

I created some logs and the typeck of `fn main` is exactly the same, no matter whether the constant's body is what it is, or if it is replaced with `panic!()`. The latter will cause the ICE not to be emitted though. The reason for that is that we abort compilation if *errors* were emitted, but not if *lint errors* were emitted. This took me way too long to debug, and is another reason why I would have liked rust-lang/compiler-team#633

Fix `rustc_abi` build on stable

rust-lang#119446 broke the ability of `rustc_abi` to build on stable, which is required by rust-analyzer. This fixes it.