Currently, `emit_diagnostic` takes `&mut self`.

This commit changes it so `emit_diagnostic` takes `self` and the new
`emit_diagnostic_without_consuming` function takes `&mut self`.

I find the distinction useful. The former case is much more common, and
avoids a bunch of `mut` and `&mut` occurrences. We can also restrict the
latter with `pub(crate)` which is nice.

…compiler-errors

Refactor AST trait bound modifiers

Instead of having two types to represent trait bound modifiers in the parser / the AST (`parser::ty::BoundModifiers` & `ast::TraitBoundModifier`), only to map one to the other later, just use `parser::ty::BoundModifiers` (moved & renamed to `ast::TraitBoundModifiers`).

The struct type is more extensible and easier to deal with (see [here](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/119099/files#r1430749981) and [here](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/119099/files#r1430752116) for context) since it more closely models what it represents: A compound of two kinds of modifiers, constness and polarity. Modeling this as an enum (the now removed `ast::TraitBoundModifier`) meant one had to add a new variant per *combination* of modifier kind, which simply isn't scalable and which lead to a lot of explicit non-DRY matches.

NB: `hir::TraitBoundModifier` being an enum is fine since HIR doesn't need to worry representing invalid modifier kind combinations as those get rejected during AST validation thereby immensely cutting down the number of possibilities.

Add support for `for await` loops

This adds support for `for await` loops. This includes parsing, desugaring in AST->HIR lowering, and adding some support functions to the library.

Given a loop like:
```rust
for await i in iter {
    ...
}
```
this is desugared to something like:
```rust
let mut iter = iter.into_async_iter();
while let Some(i) = loop {
    match core::pin::Pin::new(&mut iter).poll_next(cx) {
        Poll::Ready(i) => break i,
        Poll::Pending => yield,
    }
} {
    ...
}
```

This PR also adds a basic `IntoAsyncIterator` trait. This is partly for symmetry with the way `Iterator` and `IntoIterator` work. The other reason is that for async iterators it's helpful to have a place apart from the data structure being iterated over to store state. `IntoAsyncIterator` gives us a good place to do this.

I've gated this feature behind `async_for_loop` and opened #118898 as the feature tracking issue.

r? `@compiler-errors`

Lots of vectors of messages called `message` or `msg`. This commit
pluralizes them.

Note that `emit_message_default` and `emit_messages_default` both
already existed, and both process a vector, so I renamed the former
`emit_messages_default_inner` because it's called by the latter.

See https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/cee794ee98d49b45a55ba225680d98e0c4672736/compiler/rustc_parse/src/parser/pat.rs#L890-L897 for the only place this is constructed.

…ompiler-errors

Clairify `ast::PatKind::Struct` presese of `..` by using an enum instead of a bool

The bool is mainly used for when a `..` is present, but it is also set on recovery to avoid errors. The doc comment not describes both of these cases.

See https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/cee794ee98d49b45a55ba225680d98e0c4672736/compiler/rustc_parse/src/parser/pat.rs#L890-L897 for the only place this is constructed.

r? ``@compiler-errors``

….77.0_nightly_2023_12_27