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Document the color-4-api breaking change
Closes #1197
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--- | ||
title: 'Breaking Change: Color JS API' | ||
introduction: > | ||
Certain aspects of the JS color API that were designed with the assumption | ||
that all colors were mutually compatible no longer make sense now that Sass | ||
supports all the color spaces of CSS Color 4. | ||
--- | ||
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Just as some aspects of [Sass's color functions are being deprecated] with the | ||
addition of support for [CSS Color 4], some corners of the JS API for | ||
manipulating colors are deprecated as well. | ||
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[Sass's color functions are being deprecated]: /documentation/breaking-changes/color-functions | ||
[CSS Color 4]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/blog/css-color-module-level-4/ | ||
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### `color.change()` now requires a `space` for cross-space changes | ||
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Previously, the [`color.change()` method] just took a set of channel names from | ||
the RGB, HSL, or HWB spaces. As long as those channels weren't mixed across | ||
spaces (for example by changing both `red` and `hue` at the same time), Sass | ||
could figure out which space was intended. | ||
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[`color.change()` method]: /documentation/js-api/classes/sasscolor/#change | ||
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With Color 4, color spaces are no longer unambiguous from their channel names | ||
alone. Many spaces have `red`, `green`, and `blue` channels with different | ||
ranges; many spaces have `hue` channels which produce very different color | ||
wheels. To fix this ambiguity, `color.change()` now takes a `space` parameter | ||
which explicitly specifies the name of the color space you want to do the | ||
transformation in: | ||
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```js | ||
const color = new sass.SassColor({red: 0x66, green: 0x33, blue: 0x99}); | ||
color.change({hue: 270, space: "okclh"}); | ||
``` | ||
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Specifying the color space is mandatory if the color in question isn't in a | ||
[legacy color space] or if you're changing a channel like chroma that only | ||
exists in non-legacy color spaces. It's always optional if you're changing a | ||
channel that exists in the color's own space, so `color.change({red: 0.8})` | ||
always refers to the native red channel of any color with `red`, `green`, and | ||
`blue` channels. | ||
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[legacy color space]: /documentation/values/colors#legacy-color-spaces | ||
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For backwards-compatibility, if you're changing legacy channels for a legacy | ||
color, Sass will still automatically convert the color for you. However, this | ||
behavior is deprecated. To be safe, you should _always_ pass the `space` | ||
parameter unless you're sure the color is already in the color space whose | ||
channel you want to change. | ||
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### `null` channel values | ||
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One of the major changes in CSS Color 4 is the new concept of ["missing" | ||
channels]. For example, `hsl(none 0% 40%)` has a missing hue, which is treated | ||
as 0 in most cases but doesn't contribute to color interpolation so that a | ||
gradient with this color won't have a phantom red hue in the middle. When | ||
constructing colors, Sass represents missing values as the value `null`. | ||
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["missing" channels]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value#missing_color_components | ||
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Before adding support for CSS Color 4, the Sass JS API's TypeScript types | ||
forbade the use of `null` in all places where it was relevant. However, the code | ||
itself treated `null` the same as `undefined`, and we don't want to break | ||
compatibility with any plain JavaScript code that was relying on this behavior. | ||
For now, a `null` value is treated as `undefined` and emits a deprecation | ||
warning when constructing a new [legacy color] or calling `color.change()` for a | ||
legacy color. In either case, if you pass a `space` parameter explicitly, you'll | ||
opt into the new behavior and `null` will be treated as a missing channel. | ||
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## Transition Period | ||
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{% compatibility 'dart: "1.79.0"', 'libsass: false', 'ruby: false' %}{% endcompatibility %} | ||
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First, we'll emit deprecation warnings for all uses of these APIs that are | ||
slated to be changed. In Dart Sass 2.0.0, the breaking changes will go into | ||
effect fully, and the old behavior will no longer work how it used to. | ||
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{% render 'silencing_deprecations', jsonly: true %} | ||
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