ENH remove trusted=True from skops.io.load(s) (#422)

* SEC remove trusted=True

* FIX make the rest of the fixes and make sure tests pass

* TST add test for trusted=True

* DOC add changelog

* DOC update PR number

* ENH make the error message more helpful

* Address Benjamin's comments

* CLN fix a typecheck to what we really want

docs/changes.rst

@@ -14,6 +14,11 @@ v0.10
 - Removes Pythn 3.8 support and adds Python 3.12 Support :pr:`418` by :user:`Thomas Lazarus <lazarust>`.
 - Removes a shortcut to add `sklearn-intelex` as a not dependency.
   :pr:`420` by :user:`Thomas Lazarus < lazarust > `.
+- ``trusted=True`` is now removed from ``skops.io.load`` and ``skops.io.loads``.
+  This is to further encourage users to inspect the input data before loading
+  it. :func:`skops.io.get_untrusted_types` can be used to get the untrusted types
+  present in the input.
+  :pr:`422` by `Adrin Jalali`_.
 
 v0.9
 ----

docs/persistence.rst

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ The code snippet below illustrates how to use :func:`skops.io.dump` and
     from xgboost.sklearn import XGBClassifier
     from sklearn.model_selection import GridSearchCV, train_test_split
     from sklearn.datasets import load_iris
-    from skops.io import dump, load
+    from skops.io import dump, load, get_untrusted_types
 
     X, y = load_iris(return_X_y=True)
     X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size=0.4)
@@ -64,26 +64,24 @@ The code snippet below illustrates how to use :func:`skops.io.dump` and
     0.9666666666666667
     dump(clf, "my-model.skops")
     # ...
-    loaded = load("my-model.skops", trusted=True)
+    unknown_types = get_untrusted_types(file="my-model.skops")
+    print(unknown_types)
+    ['sklearn.metrics._scorer._passthrough_scorer',
+    'xgboost.core.Booster', 'xgboost.sklearn.XGBClassifier']
+    loaded = load("my-model.skops", trusted=unknown_types)
     print(loaded.score(X_test, y_test))
     0.9666666666666667
 
     # in memory
     from skops.io import dumps, loads
     serialized = dumps(clf)
-    loaded = loads(serialized, trusted=True)
-
-Note that you should only load files with ``trusted=True`` if you trust the
-source. Otherwise you can get a list of untrusted types present in the dump
-using :func:`skops.io.get_untrusted_types`:
-
-.. code:: python
+    loaded = loads(serialized, trusted=unknown_types)
 
-    from skops.io import get_untrusted_types
-    unknown_types = get_untrusted_types(file="my-model.skops")
-    print(unknown_types)
-    ['sklearn.metrics._scorer._passthrough_scorer',
-    'xgboost.core.Booster', 'xgboost.sklearn.XGBClassifier']
+Note that the ``get_untrusted_types`` function is used to check which types are
+not trusted by default. The user can then decide whether to trust them or not.
+In previous before version 0.10, users could pass ``trusted=True`` to skip the
+audit phase, which is now removed to encourage users to validate the input
+before loading.
 
 Note that everything in the above list is safe to load. We already have many
 types included as trusted by default, and some of the above values might be
@@ -92,10 +90,6 @@ added to that list in the future.
 Once you check the list and you validate that everything in the list is safe,
 you can load the file with ``trusted=unknown_types``:
 
-.. code:: python
-
-    loaded = load("my-model.skops", trusted=unknown_types)
-
 At the moment, we support the vast majority of sklearn estimators. This
 includes complex use cases such as :class:`sklearn.pipeline.Pipeline`,
 :class:`sklearn.model_selection.GridSearchCV`, classes using objects defined in
@@ -226,10 +220,11 @@ green to cyan. The ``rich`` docs list the `supported standard colors
 
 Note that the visualization feature is intended to help understand the structure
 of the object, e.g. what attributes are identified as untrusted. It is not a
-replacement for a proper security check. In particular, just because an object's
-visualization looks innocent does *not* mean you can just call `sio.load(<file>,
-trusted=True)` on this object -- only pass the types you really trust to the
-``trusted`` argument.
+replacement for a proper security check of the included types in the file. In
+particular, just because an object's visualization looks innocent does *not*
+mean you can just call `sio.load(<file>,
+trusted=get_untrusted_types(file=<file>))` on this object -- only pass the
+types you really trust to the ``trusted`` argument.
 
 Supported libraries
 -------------------

skops/card/_model_card.py

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 from hashlib import sha256
 from pathlib import Path
 from reprlib import Repr
-from typing import Any, Iterator, Literal, Sequence, Union
+from typing import Any, Iterator, List, Literal, Optional, Sequence, Union
 
 import joblib
 from huggingface_hub import ModelCardData
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ def __init__(
         model_diagram: bool | Literal["auto"] | str = "auto",
         metadata: ModelCardData | None = None,
         template: Literal["skops"] | dict[str, str] | None = "skops",
-        trusted: bool = False,
+        trusted: Optional[List[str]] = None,
     ) -> None:
         self.model = model
         self.metadata = metadata or ModelCardData()

skops/card/tests/test_card.py

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
     TableSection,
     _load_model,
 )
-from skops.io import dump, load
+from skops.io import dump, get_untrusted_types, load
 from skops.utils.importutils import import_or_raise
 
 
@@ -51,10 +51,14 @@ def save_model_to_file(model_instance, suffix):
 def test_load_model(suffix):
     model0 = LinearRegression(n_jobs=123)
     _, save_file = save_model_to_file(model0, suffix)
-    loaded_model_str = _load_model(save_file, trusted=True)
+    if suffix == ".skops":
+        untrusted_types = get_untrusted_types(file=save_file)
+    else:
+        untrusted_types = None
+    loaded_model_str = _load_model(save_file, trusted=untrusted_types)
     save_file_path = Path(save_file)
-    loaded_model_path = _load_model(save_file_path, trusted=True)
-    loaded_model_instance = _load_model(model0, trusted=True)
+    loaded_model_path = _load_model(save_file_path, trusted=untrusted_types)
+    loaded_model_instance = _load_model(model0, trusted=untrusted_types)
 
     assert loaded_model_str.n_jobs == 123
     assert loaded_model_path.n_jobs == 123
@@ -1383,8 +1387,11 @@ def test_with_metadata(self, card: Card, meth, expected_lines):
 
 
 class TestCardModelAttributeIsPath:
-    def path_to_card(self, path):
-        card = Card(model=path, trusted=True)
+    def path_to_card(self, path, suffix):
+        if suffix == ".skops":
+            card = Card(model=path, trusted=get_untrusted_types(file=path))
+        else:
+            card = Card(model=path)
         return card
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize("meth", [repr, str])
@@ -1397,7 +1404,7 @@ def test_model_card_repr(self, meth, suffix):
         model = LinearRegression(fit_intercept=False)
         file_handle, file_name = save_model_to_file(model, suffix)
         os.close(file_handle)
-        card_from_path = self.path_to_card(file_name)
+        card_from_path = self.path_to_card(file_name, suffix=suffix)
 
         result0 = meth(card_from_path)
         expected = "Card(\n  model=LinearRegression(fit_intercept=False),"

skops/cli/_update.py

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 from pathlib import Path
 
 from skops.cli._utils import get_log_level
-from skops.io import dump, load
+from skops.io import dump, get_untrusted_types, load
 from skops.io._protocol import PROTOCOL
 
 
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ def _update_file(
                 " file."
             )
 
-    input_model = load(input_file, trusted=True)
+    input_model = load(input_file, trusted=get_untrusted_types(file=input_file))
     with zipfile.ZipFile(input_file, "r") as zip_file:
         input_file_schema = json.loads(zip_file.read("schema.json"))
 

skops/cli/tests/test_convert.py

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 import pytest
 
 from skops.cli import _convert
-from skops.io import load
+from skops.io import get_untrusted_types, load
 
 
 class MockUnsafeType:
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ def test_unsafe_case_works_as_expected(
     ):
         caplog.set_level(logging.WARNING)
         _convert._convert_file(pkl_path, skops_path)
-        persisted_obj = load(skops_path, trusted=True)
+        persisted_obj = load(skops_path, trusted=get_untrusted_types(file=skops_path))
 
         assert isinstance(persisted_obj, MockUnsafeType)
 

skops/io/_audit.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 import io
 from contextlib import contextmanager
-from typing import Any, Dict, Generator, List, Literal, Optional, Sequence, Type, Union
+from typing import Any, Dict, Generator, List, Optional, Sequence, Type, Union
 
 from ._protocol import PROTOCOL
 from ._utils import LoadContext, get_module, get_type_paths
@@ -14,9 +14,7 @@
 ]
 
 
-def check_type(
-    module_name: str, type_name: str, trusted: Literal[True] | Sequence[str]
-) -> bool:
+def check_type(module_name: str, type_name: str, trusted: Sequence[str]) -> bool:
     """Check if a type is safe to load.
 
     A type is safe to load only if it's present in the trusted list.
@@ -38,16 +36,13 @@ def check_type(
     is_safe : bool
         True if the type is safe, False otherwise.
     """
-    if trusted is True:
-        return True
     return module_name + "." + type_name in trusted
 
 
 def audit_tree(tree: Node) -> None:
     """Audit a tree of nodes.
 
-    A tree is safe if it only contains trusted types. Audit is skipped if
-    trusted is ``True``.
+    A tree is safe if it only contains trusted types.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -59,9 +54,6 @@ def audit_tree(tree: Node) -> None:
     UntrustedTypesFoundException
         If the tree contains an untrusted type.
     """
-    if tree.trusted is True:
-        return
-
     unsafe = tree.get_unsafe_set()
     if unsafe:
         raise UntrustedTypesFoundException(unsafe)
@@ -142,7 +134,7 @@ def __init__(
         self,
         state: dict[str, Any],
         load_context: LoadContext,
-        trusted: bool | Sequence[str] = False,
+        trusted: Optional[Sequence[str]] = None,
         memoize: bool = True,
     ) -> None:
         self.class_name, self.module_name = state["__class__"], state["__module__"]
@@ -180,22 +172,19 @@ def _construct(self):
 
     @staticmethod
     def _get_trusted(
-        trusted: bool | Sequence[Union[str, Type]], default: Sequence[Union[str, Type]]
-    ) -> Literal[True] | list[str]:
+        trusted: Optional[Sequence[Union[str, Type]]],
+        default: Sequence[Union[str, Type]],
+    ) -> list[str]:
         """Return a trusted list, or True.
 
-        If ``trusted`` is ``False``, we return the ``default``. If a list of
+        If ``trusted`` is ``None``, we return the ``default``. If a list of
         types are being passed, those types, as well as default trusted types,
         are returned.
 
         This is a convenience method called by child classes.
 
         """
-        if trusted is True:
-            # if trusted is True, we trust the node
-            return True
-
-        if trusted is False:
+        if trusted is None:
             # if trusted is False, we only trust the defaults
             return get_type_paths(default)
 
@@ -289,12 +278,12 @@ def __init__(
         self,
         state: dict[str, Any],
         load_context: LoadContext,
-        trusted: bool = False,
+        trusted: Optional[List[str]] = None,
     ):
         # we pass memoize as False because we don't want to memoize the cached
         # node.
         super().__init__(state, load_context, trusted, memoize=False)
-        self.trusted = True
+        self.trusted = self._get_trusted(trusted, default=[])
         # TODO: deal with case that __id__ is unknown or prevent it from
         # happening
         self.cached = load_context.get_object(state.get("__id__"))  # type: ignore
@@ -313,7 +302,7 @@ def _construct(self):
 def get_tree(
     state: dict[str, Any],
     load_context: LoadContext,
-    trusted: bool | Sequence[str],
+    trusted: Optional[Sequence[str]],
 ) -> Node:
     """Get the tree of nodes.