implements ping-pong packets between nodes (bp #12794) (#13281)

* implements ping-pong packets between nodes (#12794)

https://hackerone.com/reports/991106

> It’s possible to use UDP gossip protocol to amplify DDoS attacks. An attacker
> can spoof IP address in UDP packet when sending PullRequest to the node.
> There's no any validation if provided source IP address is not spoofed and
> the node can send much larger PullResponse to victim's IP. As I checked,
> PullRequest is about 290 bytes, while PullResponse is about 10 kB. It means
> that amplification is about 34x. This way an attacker can easily perform DDoS
> attack both on Solana node and third-party server.
>
> To prevent it, need for example to implement ping-pong mechanism similar as
> in Ethereum: Before accepting requests from remote client needs to validate
> his IP. Local node sends Ping packet to the remote node and it needs to reply
> with Pong packet that contains hash of matching Ping packet. Content of Ping
> packet is unpredictable. If hash from Pong packet matches, local node can
> remember IP where Ping packet was sent as correct and allow further
> communication.
>
> More info:
> https://github.com/ethereum/devp2p/blob/master/discv4.md#endpoint-proof
> https://github.com/ethereum/devp2p/blob/master/discv4.md#wire-protocol

The commit adds a PingCache, which maintains records of remote nodes
which have returned a valid response to a ping message, and on-the-fly
ping messages pending a pong response from the remote node.

When handling pull-requests, those from addresses which have not passed
the ping-pong check are filtered out, and additionally ping packets are
added for addresses which need to be (re)verified.

(cherry picked from commit ae91270)

# Conflicts:
#	Cargo.lock
#	core/src/cluster_info.rs

* resolves mergify merge conflicts

Co-authored-by: behzad nouri <behzadnouri@gmail.com>

core/Cargo.toml

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ jsonrpc-http-server = "15.0.0"
 jsonrpc-pubsub = "15.0.0"
 jsonrpc-ws-server = "15.0.0"
 log = "0.4.8"
+lru = "0.6.0"
 num_cpus = "1.13.0"
 num-traits = "0.2"
 rand = "0.7.0"