Fix CMake debug optimization flags on MinGW #509

Job	Run time
build_linux (gcc-9, ubuntu-22.04, NO)	2m 23s
build_linux (gcc-10, ubuntu-22.04, NO)	2m 36s
build_linux (gcc-10, ubuntu-22.04, YES)	2m 32s
build_linux (clang-13, ubuntu-22.04, NO)	2m 44s
build_linux (clang-15, ubuntu-22.04, NO)	2m 12s
build_linux (clang-15, ubuntu-22.04, YES)	2m 40s
build_linux (ubuntu-24.04, gcc-14, g++-14)	2m 23s
build_windows (NO)	3m 35s
build_linux_deprecated_extensions (gcc-9, ubuntu-22.04)	2m 14s
build_linux (ubuntu-24.04, clang-18, clang++-18)	2m 18s
build_windows (YES)	4m 32s
build_linux_deprecated_extensions (gcc-10, ubuntu-22.04)	2m 16s
build_windows_deprecated_extensions	4m 3s
build_linux_deprecated_extensions (clang-13, ubuntu-22.04)	2m 18s
build_linux_deprecated_extensions (ubuntu-24.04, gcc-14, g++-14)	2m 21s
build_linux_deprecated_extensions (ubuntu-24.04, clang-18, clang++-18)	3m 3s
	44m 10s

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