Allow specifying insert method for bulk transactions (#614)

* Added method parameter to bulk_item_insert route in order to allow more flexibility in how data is loaded into the DB

* Add method param to AsyncBaseBulkTransactionsClient, which pgstac inherits from

* Moved method on to the Items base model for bulk transaction request

* Updated docs and changelog with bulk transactions method parameter

CHANGES.md

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 * Forward `x-forwarded-host` ([#586](https://github.com/stac-utils/stac-fastapi/pull/586))
 * Add CQL2-json to filter conformance class ([#611](https://github.com/stac-utils/stac-fastapi/issues/611))
+* Add `method` parameter to Bulk Transactions extension in order to support upserting bulk data ([#614](https://github.com/stac-utils/stac-fastapi/pull/614))
 
 ## [2.4.8] - 2023-06-07
 

stac_fastapi/extensions/stac_fastapi/extensions/third_party/bulk_transactions.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 """Bulk transactions extension."""
 import abc
+from enum import Enum
 from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Union
 
 import attr
@@ -11,10 +12,18 @@
 from stac_fastapi.types.extension import ApiExtension
 
 
+class BulkTransactionMethod(str, Enum):
+    """Bulk Transaction Methods."""
+
+    INSERT = "insert"
+    UPSERT = "upsert"
+
+
 class Items(BaseModel):
     """A group of STAC Item objects, in the form of a dictionary from Item.id -> Item."""
 
     items: Dict[str, Any]
+    method: BulkTransactionMethod = BulkTransactionMethod.INSERT
 
     def __iter__(self):
         """Return an iterable of STAC Item objects."""
@@ -36,7 +45,10 @@ def _chunks(lst, n):
 
     @abc.abstractmethod
     def bulk_item_insert(
-        self, items: Items, chunk_size: Optional[int] = None, **kwargs
+        self,
+        items: Items,
+        chunk_size: Optional[int] = None,
+        **kwargs,
     ) -> str:
         """Bulk creation of items.
 
@@ -55,7 +67,11 @@ class AsyncBaseBulkTransactionsClient(abc.ABC):
     """BulkTransactionsClient."""
 
     @abc.abstractmethod
-    async def bulk_item_insert(self, items: Items, **kwargs) -> str:
+    async def bulk_item_insert(
+        self,
+        items: Items,
+        **kwargs,
+    ) -> str:
         """Bulk creation of items.
 
         Args:
@@ -77,11 +93,19 @@ class BulkTransactionExtension(ApiExtension):
     attribute  "items", that has a value that is an object with a group of
     attributes that are the ids of each Item, and the value is the Item entity.
 
+    Optionally, clients can specify a "method" attribute that is either "insert"
+    or "upsert". If "insert", then the items will be inserted if they do not
+    exist, and an error will be returned if they do. If "upsert", then the items
+    will be inserted if they do not exist, and updated if they do. This defaults
+    to "insert".
+
         {
-        "items": {
-            "id1": { "type": "Feature", ... },
-            "id2": { "type": "Feature", ... },
-            "id3": { "type": "Feature", ... }
+            "items": {
+                "id1": { "type": "Feature", ... },
+                "id2": { "type": "Feature", ... },
+                "id3": { "type": "Feature", ... }
+            },
+            "method": "insert"
         }
     """