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--- | ||
title: -(ㄴ/은/는)데 | ||
author: summerscar | ||
description: | ||
date: 2024-11-01T16:18:54.891Z | ||
tags: | ||
last-modified: 1730482859114 | ||
--- | ||
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# -(ㄴ/은/는)데 | ||
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## 句型 | ||
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* **形容词后:** 词干 + -(ㄴ/은)데 | ||
* 以子音结尾:-(은)데 | ||
* 以母音结尾:-(ㄴ)데 | ||
* **动词/이다/있다后:** 词干 + -(ㄴ/는)데 | ||
* 以子音结尾:-(는)데 | ||
* 以母音结尾:-(는)데 | ||
* 있다: 있는데 | ||
* 이다: 인데 | ||
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## 含义 | ||
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* **提出背景/铺垫,引出下文。** 下文通常是与前文形成对比、转折,提出请求或建议,或是表达不满、意外等情绪。 | ||
* **解说说明某一状况。** 类似于“是这样的…”、“(情况)是这样, …” | ||
* **委婉地表达自己的意见或感受。** | ||
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## 例子 | ||
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**1. 提出背景/铺垫,引出下文** | ||
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* <Speak>날씨가 좋은데 같이 공원에 갈래요?</Speak> (天气很好,一起去公园吗?) | ||
* <Speak>배가 고픈데 뭐 좀 먹을까요?</Speak> (肚子饿了,吃点什么吧?) | ||
* <Speak>시간이 없는데 빨리 가야겠어요.</Speak> (没时间了,得赶紧走了。) | ||
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**2. 解说说明某一状况** | ||
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* <Speak>저는 학생인데 아르바이트를 하고 있어요.</Speak> (我是学生,正在打工。) | ||
* <Speak>이 옷은 예쁜데 너무 비싸요.</Speak> (这件衣服很漂亮,但是太贵了。) | ||
* <Speak>오늘은 바쁜데 내일 만날 수 있어요?</Speak> (今天很忙,明天可以见面吗?) | ||
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**3. 委婉地表达自己的意见或感受** | ||
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* <Speak>좀 피곤한데 먼저 갈게요.</Speak> (有点累了,我先走了。) | ||
* <Speak>맛있는데 조금 짠 것 같아요.</Speak> (好吃,但好像有点咸。) | ||
* <Speak>재미있는데 너무 길어요.</Speak> (很有趣,但是太长了。) | ||
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## 注意 | ||
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* “-는데” 不能用于命令句和共动句。 | ||
* 当后续句子表达与前文相反或出乎意料的内容时,语气较为强烈。 | ||
* 后续句子常常省略主语,因为主语通常与前句相同。 | ||
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## 类似语法 | ||
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* -지만: 表示转折,与 “-는데” 相似,但 “-지만” 语气更为强烈,强调对比和转折。 "-는데" 更侧重于引出下文,而 "-지만" 更侧重于前后的对比。 例如: "날씨가 좋은데 집에 있어요." (天气很好,(可是)我待在家里。) vs. "날씨가 좋지만 집에 있어야 해요." (天气很好,但是我必须待在家里。) | ||
* -고: 表示并列,"-는데"有时也可表示并列,但更强调前句是后句的原因或背景。 例如: "밥을 먹고 영화를 봤어요." (吃了饭,看了电影。) vs. "밥을 먹었는데 영화를 볼까요?" (吃了饭,去看电影吗?) |
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--- | ||
title: -(ㄴ/ㄹ/은/는)듯이 | ||
author: summerscar | ||
description: | ||
date: 2024-11-01T16:30:03.645Z | ||
tags: | ||
--- | ||
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# -(ㄴ/ㄹ/은/는)듯이 | ||
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## 句型 | ||
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* **形容词词干后:** | ||
* 以子音结尾: 词干 + ㄴ 듯이 | ||
* 以母音结尾: 词干 + ㄴ 듯이 | ||
* **动词词干后:** | ||
* 以 `ㄹ` 结尾: 词干 + 듯이 | ||
* 以其他子音结尾: 词干 + 는 듯이 | ||
* 以母音结尾: 词干 + 는 듯이 | ||
* **名词后:** | ||
* 은/는 듯이 (与名词的主格助词相同) | ||
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## 含义 | ||
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该语法表示“像...一样”、“如同...一般”、“仿佛...”等含义,用于比喻某事物或动作的状态、样子,类似于汉语的“好像”、“似乎”、“犹如”。 | ||
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* 表达与前面内容相似的感觉、状态。 | ||
* 表达不确定的推测,认为某事可能如此。 | ||
* 表达生动形象的比喻。 | ||
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## 例子 | ||
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**表达与前面内容相似的感觉、状态:** | ||
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1. <Speak>죽은 듯이 고요하다</Speak> (像死了一样安静) | ||
2. <Speak>아픈 듯이 얼굴이 창백하다</Speak> (好像很疼,脸色苍白) | ||
3. <Speak>꿈을 꾸는 듯이 미소를 짓다</Speak> (像做梦一样微笑) | ||
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**表达不确定的推测,认为某事可能如此:** | ||
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1. <Speak>비가 올 듯이 하늘이 흐리다</Speak> (好像要下雨,天空阴沉) | ||
2. <Speak>그는 화가 난 듯이 말했다</Speak> (他好像生气了那样说话) | ||
3. <Speak>뭔가 숨기는 듯이 행동했다</Speak> (好像隐瞒了什么那样行动) | ||
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**表达生动形象的比喻:** | ||
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1. <Speak>구름 위를 걷는 듯이 기분이 좋다</Speak> (心情好得像走在云上一样) | ||
2. <Speak>별처럼 반짝이는 듯이 아름답다</Speak> (像星星一样闪闪发光,美丽极了) | ||
3. <Speak>날개가 달린 듯이 가볍다</Speak> (轻得像插上了翅膀一样) | ||
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## 注意 | ||
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* `-(ㄴ/ㄹ/은/는)듯이` 比 `-(ㄴ/는) 것처럼` 更强调主观感受,语气更委婉。 | ||
* `-(ㄴ/ㄹ/은/는)듯이` 可以与一些动词连用,例如 `보이다` (看起来), `느껴지다` (感觉), `들리다` (听起来) 等,进一步加强“好像”的意味。 | ||
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## 类似语法 | ||
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* `-(ㄴ/는) 것처럼`: 与 `-(ㄴ/ㄹ/은/는)듯이` 含义相近,但 `-(ㄴ/는) 것처럼` 更强调客观事实,语气更肯定。 `-(ㄴ/ㄹ/은/는)듯이` 更侧重说话者的主观感受,语气更委婉。 | ||
* `-같이`: 表示“像...一样”,用法比较广泛,可以用于比较各种事物或动作,语气比较平淡。 | ||
* `-(ㄴ/ㄹ/은/는) 듯`: 与 `-(ㄴ/ㄹ/은/는)듯이` 含义基本相同,`-(ㄴ/ㄹ/은/는) 듯` 更口语化,常用于非正式场合。 | ||
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--- | ||
title: 〜(으)ㄴ 것 같다 | ||
author: summerscar | ||
description: | ||
date: 2024-11-01T16:55:46.446Z | ||
tags: | ||
--- | ||
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# 【〜(으)ㄴ 것 같다】 | ||
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## 句型 | ||
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* **形容词词干后:** 词干 + 〜ㄴ 것 같다 | ||
* **以ㄹ结尾的形容词词干后:** 词干 + 〜ㄴ 것 같다 (ㄹ脱落) | ||
* **动词词干后:** 词干 + 〜는 것 같다 | ||
* **以있다/없다 结尾的形容词后:** 있다/없다 + 는 것 같다 | ||
* **过去时态:** 词干 + 〜았/었/였던 것 같다 | ||
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## 含义 | ||
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该语法表示说话者的推测或猜测,类似于汉语的“好像...”、“像是...”、“似乎...”、“感觉...”等。它表达的并非确定的判断,而是基于某种依据的主观感受。根据语境不同,可以表达以下几种含义: | ||
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* **推测客观事实:** 推测某件事情的状态或性质。 | ||
* **推测主观感受:** 推测某人/某事物的心理状态或感受。 | ||
* **委婉表达:** 用推测的语气来表达自己的意见或请求,使语气更加委婉、柔和。 | ||
* **不确定记忆:** 表示对过去的记忆不太确定。 | ||
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## 例子 | ||
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**推测客观事实** | ||
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1. <Speak>날씨가 좋은 것 같아요.</Speak> (天气好像很好。) | ||
2. <Speak>그 식당 음식이 맛있는 것 같아요.</Speak> (那家餐厅的菜好像很好吃。) | ||
3. <Speak>저 사람은 학생인 것 같아요.</Speak> (那个人好像是个学生。) | ||
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**推测主观感受** | ||
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1. <Speak>그녀는 슬픈 것 같아요.</Speak> (她好像很悲伤。) | ||
2. <Speak>그는 피곤한 것 같아요.</Speak> (他好像很疲惫。) | ||
3. <Speak>아이는 배고픈 것 같아요.</Speak> (孩子好像饿了。) | ||
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**委婉表达** | ||
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1. <Speak>제 생각에는 좀 더 기다리는 게 좋을 것 같아요.</Speak> (我觉得再等一会儿比较好。) | ||
2. <Speak>이 옷은 당신에게 잘 어울릴 것 같아요.</Speak> (这件衣服你穿应该会很合适。) | ||
3. <Speak>내일 비가 올 것 같아요. 우산을 챙기세요.</Speak> (明天好像要下雨。带好雨伞吧。) | ||
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**不确定记忆** | ||
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1. <Speak>어렸을 때 그곳에 간 적이 있었던 것 같아요.</Speak> (我小时候好像去过那里。) | ||
2. <Speak>그 영화를 본 적이 있었던 것 같아요.</Speak> (我好像看过那部电影。) | ||
3. <Speak>그 사람을 어디서 만났던 것 같아요.</Speak> (我好像在哪里见过那个人。) | ||
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## 注意 | ||
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* 〜(으)ㄴ 것 같다 比 〜(으)ㄹ 것 같다 语气更委婉,更不确定。〜(으)ㄹ 것 같다 则更偏向于对未来的预测。 | ||
* 〜(으)ㄴ 것 같다 强调的是说话者基于某种依据的主观感受,即使推测的内容与事实相符,也不代表说话者完全确定。 | ||
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## 类似语法 | ||
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* **〜(으)ㄹ 것 같다:** 表示对未来的推测或预测。 | ||
* **〜(으)ㄴ/는 모양이다:** 表示根据观察到的情况进行推测,语气比〜(으)ㄴ 것 같다 更客观一些。 | ||
* **〜(으)ㄴ/는데:** 可以用来表示推测,但更侧重于根据某种情况推导出某种结论。 | ||
* 〜(으)ㄹ 듯하다: 与〜(으)ㄹ 것 같다 含义相近,但语气更书面化。 | ||
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