src: shutdown node in-flight

This commit introduces a `node::Stop()` API.

An identified use case for embedders is their ability to tear down
Node while it is still running (event loop contain pending events)

Here the assumptions are that (i) embedders do not wish to resort to
JS routines to initiate shutdown (ii) embedders have the Environment
handle handy. (iii) embedders stop Node through a second thread.

Fixes: nodejs#19365
Refs: nodejs/user-feedback#51

PR-URL: nodejs#21283
Reviewed-By: Anna Henningsen <anna@addaleax.net>
Reviewed-By: Richard Lau <riclau@uk.ibm.com>
Reviewed-By: Michael Dawson <Michael_Dawson@ca.ibm.com>

src/api/callback.cc

@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ void InternalCallbackScope::Close() {
   HandleScope handle_scope(env_->isolate());
 
   if (!env_->can_call_into_js()) return;
-  if (failed_ && !env_->is_main_thread() && env_->is_stopping_worker()) {
+  if (failed_ && !env_->is_main_thread() && env_->is_stopping()) {
     env_->async_hooks()->clear_async_id_stack();
   }
 

src/api/environment.cc

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ static bool ShouldAbortOnUncaughtException(Isolate* isolate) {
   DebugSealHandleScope scope(isolate);
   Environment* env = Environment::GetCurrent(isolate);
   return env != nullptr &&
-         (env->is_main_thread() || !env->is_stopping_worker()) &&
+         (env->is_main_thread() || !env->is_stopping()) &&
          env->should_abort_on_uncaught_toggle()[0] &&
          !env->inside_should_not_abort_on_uncaught_scope();
 }

src/env-inl.h

@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@
 #include "v8.h"
 #include "node_perf_common.h"
 #include "node_context_data.h"
-#include "node_worker.h"
 
 #include <cstddef>
 #include <cstdint>
@@ -661,7 +660,7 @@ void Environment::SetUnrefImmediate(native_immediate_callback cb,
 }
 
 inline bool Environment::can_call_into_js() const {
-  return can_call_into_js_ && (is_main_thread() || !is_stopping_worker());
+  return can_call_into_js_ && !is_stopping();
 }
 
 inline void Environment::set_can_call_into_js(bool can_call_into_js) {
@@ -709,9 +708,8 @@ inline void Environment::remove_sub_worker_context(worker::Worker* context) {
   sub_worker_contexts_.erase(context);
 }
 
-inline bool Environment::is_stopping_worker() const {
-  CHECK(!is_main_thread());
-  return worker_context_->is_stopped();
+inline bool Environment::is_stopping() const {
+  return thread_stopper_.IsStopped();
 }
 
 inline performance::performance_state* Environment::performance_state() {

src/env.cc

@@ -350,6 +350,14 @@ void Environment::InitializeLibuv(bool start_profiler_idle_notifier) {
   uv_unref(reinterpret_cast<uv_handle_t*>(&idle_prepare_handle_));
   uv_unref(reinterpret_cast<uv_handle_t*>(&idle_check_handle_));
 
+  GetAsyncRequest()->Install(
+    this, static_cast<void*>(this), [](uv_async_t* handle) {
+      Environment* env = static_cast<Environment*>(handle->data);
+      uv_stop(env->event_loop());
+    });
+  GetAsyncRequest()->SetStopped(false);
+  uv_unref(reinterpret_cast<uv_handle_t*>(GetAsyncRequest()->GetHandle()));
+
   // Register clean-up cb to be called to clean up the handles
   // when the environment is freed, note that they are not cleaned in
   // the one environment per process setup, but will be called in
@@ -365,6 +373,12 @@ void Environment::InitializeLibuv(bool start_profiler_idle_notifier) {
   uv_key_set(&thread_local_env, this);
 }
 
+void Environment::ExitEnv() {
+  set_can_call_into_js(false);
+  GetAsyncRequest()->Stop();
+  isolate_->TerminateExecution();
+}
+
 MaybeLocal<Object> Environment::ProcessCliArgs(
     const std::vector<std::string>& args,
     const std::vector<std::string>& exec_args) {
@@ -529,6 +543,7 @@ void Environment::RunCleanup() {
   started_cleanup_ = true;
   TraceEventScope trace_scope(TRACING_CATEGORY_NODE1(environment),
                               "RunCleanup", this);
+  GetAsyncRequest()->Uninstall();
   CleanupHandles();
 
   while (!cleanup_hooks_.empty()) {
@@ -961,6 +976,53 @@ char* Environment::Reallocate(char* data, size_t old_size, size_t size) {
   return new_data;
 }
 
+void AsyncRequest::Install(Environment* env, void* data, uv_async_cb target) {
+  Mutex::ScopedLock lock(mutex_);
+  env_ = env;
+  async_ = new uv_async_t;
+  async_->data = data;
+  CHECK_EQ(uv_async_init(env_->event_loop(), async_, target), 0);
+}
+
+void AsyncRequest::Uninstall() {
+  Mutex::ScopedLock lock(mutex_);
+  if (async_ != nullptr) {
+    env_->CloseHandle(async_, [](uv_async_t* async) { delete async; });
+    async_ = nullptr;
+  }
+}
+
+void AsyncRequest::Stop() {
+  Mutex::ScopedLock lock(mutex_);
+  stop_ = true;
+  if (async_ != nullptr) uv_async_send(async_);
+}
+
+void AsyncRequest::SetStopped(bool flag) {
+  Mutex::ScopedLock lock(mutex_);
+  stop_ = flag;
+}
+
+bool AsyncRequest::IsStopped() const {
+  Mutex::ScopedLock lock(mutex_);
+  return stop_;
+}
+
+uv_async_t* AsyncRequest::GetHandle() {
+  Mutex::ScopedLock lock(mutex_);
+  return async_;
+}
+
+void AsyncRequest::MemoryInfo(MemoryTracker* tracker) const {
+  Mutex::ScopedLock lock(mutex_);
+  if (async_ != nullptr) tracker->TrackField("async_request", *async_);
+}
+
+AsyncRequest::~AsyncRequest() {
+  Mutex::ScopedLock lock(mutex_);
+  CHECK_NULL(async_);
+}
+
 // Not really any better place than env.cc at this moment.
 void BaseObject::DeleteMe(void* data) {
   BaseObject* self = static_cast<BaseObject*>(data);

src/env.h

@@ -508,6 +508,27 @@ struct AllocatedBuffer {
   friend class Environment;
 };
 
+class AsyncRequest : public MemoryRetainer {
+ public:
+  AsyncRequest() {}
+  ~AsyncRequest();
+  void Install(Environment* env, void* data, uv_async_cb target);
+  void Uninstall();
+  void Stop();
+  void SetStopped(bool flag);
+  bool IsStopped() const;
+  uv_async_t* GetHandle();
+  void MemoryInfo(MemoryTracker* tracker) const override;
+  SET_MEMORY_INFO_NAME(AsyncRequest)
+  SET_SELF_SIZE(AsyncRequest)
+
+ private:
+  Environment* env_;
+  uv_async_t* async_ = nullptr;
+  mutable Mutex mutex_;
+  bool stop_ = true;
+};
+
 class Environment {
  public:
   class AsyncHooks {
@@ -692,6 +713,7 @@ class Environment {
   void RegisterHandleCleanups();
   void CleanupHandles();
   void Exit(int code);
+  void ExitEnv();
 
   // Register clean-up cb to be called on environment destruction.
   inline void RegisterHandleCleanup(uv_handle_t* handle,
@@ -847,7 +869,7 @@ class Environment {
   inline void add_sub_worker_context(worker::Worker* context);
   inline void remove_sub_worker_context(worker::Worker* context);
   void stop_sub_worker_contexts();
-  inline bool is_stopping_worker() const;
+  inline bool is_stopping() const;
 
   inline void ThrowError(const char* errmsg);
   inline void ThrowTypeError(const char* errmsg);
@@ -1021,6 +1043,7 @@ class Environment {
   inline ExecutionMode execution_mode() { return execution_mode_; }
 
   inline void set_execution_mode(ExecutionMode mode) { execution_mode_ = mode; }
+  inline AsyncRequest* GetAsyncRequest() { return &thread_stopper_; }
 
  private:
   inline void CreateImmediate(native_immediate_callback cb,
@@ -1177,6 +1200,10 @@ class Environment {
   uint64_t cleanup_hook_counter_ = 0;
   bool started_cleanup_ = false;
 
+  // A custom async abstraction (a pair of async handle and a state variable)
+  // Used by embedders to shutdown running Node instance.
+  AsyncRequest thread_stopper_;
+
   static void EnvPromiseHook(v8::PromiseHookType type,
                              v8::Local<v8::Promise> promise,
                              v8::Local<v8::Value> parent);

src/module_wrap.cc

@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ void ModuleWrap::Evaluate(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args) {
 
   // Convert the termination exception into a regular exception.
   if (timed_out || received_signal) {
-    if (!env->is_main_thread() && env->is_stopping_worker())
+    if (!env->is_main_thread() && env->is_stopping())
       return;
     env->isolate()->CancelTerminateExecution();
     // It is possible that execution was terminated by another timeout in

src/node.cc

@@ -824,15 +824,14 @@ inline int StartNodeWithIsolate(Isolate* isolate,
       per_process::v8_platform.DrainVMTasks(isolate);
 
       more = uv_loop_alive(env.event_loop());
-      if (more)
-        continue;
+      if (more && !env.GetAsyncRequest()->IsStopped()) continue;
 
       RunBeforeExit(&env);
 
       // Emit `beforeExit` if the loop became alive either after emitting
       // event, or after running some callbacks.
       more = uv_loop_alive(env.event_loop());
-    } while (more == true);
+    } while (more == true && !env.GetAsyncRequest()->IsStopped());
     env.performance_state()->Mark(
         node::performance::NODE_PERFORMANCE_MILESTONE_LOOP_EXIT);
   }
@@ -969,6 +968,11 @@ int Start(int argc, char** argv) {
   return exit_code;
 }
 
+int Stop(Environment* env) {
+  env->ExitEnv();
+  return 0;
+}
+
 }  // namespace node
 
 #if !HAVE_INSPECTOR

src/node.h

@@ -199,10 +199,17 @@ typedef intptr_t ssize_t;
 
 namespace node {
 
+class IsolateData;
+class Environment;
+
 // TODO(addaleax): Officially deprecate this and replace it with something
 // better suited for a public embedder API.
 NODE_EXTERN int Start(int argc, char* argv[]);
 
+// Tear down Node.js while it is running (there are active handles
+// in the loop and / or actively executing JavaScript code).
+NODE_EXTERN int Stop(Environment* env);
+
 // TODO(addaleax): Officially deprecate this and replace it with something
 // better suited for a public embedder API.
 NODE_EXTERN void Init(int* argc,
@@ -215,9 +222,6 @@ class ArrayBufferAllocator;
 NODE_EXTERN ArrayBufferAllocator* CreateArrayBufferAllocator();
 NODE_EXTERN void FreeArrayBufferAllocator(ArrayBufferAllocator* allocator);
 
-class IsolateData;
-class Environment;
-
 class NODE_EXTERN MultiIsolatePlatform : public v8::Platform {
  public:
   ~MultiIsolatePlatform() override { }

src/node_contextify.cc

@@ -924,7 +924,7 @@ bool ContextifyScript::EvalMachine(Environment* env,
 
   // Convert the termination exception into a regular exception.
   if (timed_out || received_signal) {
-    if (!env->is_main_thread() && env->is_stopping_worker())
+    if (!env->is_main_thread() && env->is_stopping())
       return false;
     env->isolate()->CancelTerminateExecution();
     // It is possible that execution was terminated by another timeout in