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feat: Add toHaveRole matcher (#572)
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fpapado authored Jan 30, 2024
1 parent 9787ed5 commit f7dc673
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42 changes: 42 additions & 0 deletions README.md
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Expand Up @@ -79,6 +79,7 @@ clear to read and to maintain.
- [`toHaveDisplayValue`](#tohavedisplayvalue)
- [`toBeChecked`](#tobechecked)
- [`toBePartiallyChecked`](#tobepartiallychecked)
- [`toHaveRole`](#tohaverole)
- [`toHaveErrorMessage`](#tohaveerrormessage)
- [Deprecated matchers](#deprecated-matchers)
- [`toBeEmpty`](#tobeempty)
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1189,6 +1190,47 @@ expect(inputCheckboxIndeterminate).toBePartiallyChecked()

<hr />

### `toHaveRole`

This allows you to assert that an element has the expected
[role](https://www.w3.org/TR/html-aria/#docconformance).

This is useful in cases where you already have access to an element via some
query other than the role itself, and want to make additional assertions
regarding its accessibility.

The role can match either an explicit role (via the `role` attribute), or an
implicit one via the
[implicit ARIA semantics](https://www.w3.org/TR/html-aria/).

Note: roles are matched literally by string equality, without inheriting from
the ARIA role hierarchy. As a result, querying a superclass role like 'checkbox'
will not include elements with a subclass role like 'switch'.

```typescript
toHaveRole(expectedRole: string)
```

```html
<button data-testid="button">Continue</button>
<div role="button" data-testid="button-explicit">Continue</button>
<button role="switch button" data-testid="button-explicit-multiple">Continue</button>
<a href="/about" data-testid="link">About</a>
<a data-testid="link-invalid">Invalid link<a/>
```

```javascript
expect(getByTestId('button')).toHaveRole('button')
expect(getByTestId('button-explicit')).toHaveRole('button')
expect(getByTestId('button-explicit-multiple')).toHaveRole('button')
expect(getByTestId('button-explicit-multiple')).toHaveRole('switch')
expect(getByTestId('link')).toHaveRole('link')
expect(getByTestId('link-invalid')).not.toHaveRole('link')
expect(getByTestId('link-invalid')).toHaveRole('generic')
```

<hr />

### `toHaveErrorMessage`

> This custom matcher is deprecated. Prefer
Expand Down
107 changes: 107 additions & 0 deletions src/__tests__/to-have-role.js
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
import {render} from './helpers/test-utils'

describe('.toHaveRole', () => {
it('matches implicit role', () => {
const {queryByTestId} = render(`
<div>
<button data-testid="continue-button">Continue</button>
</div>
`)

const continueButton = queryByTestId('continue-button')

expect(continueButton).not.toHaveRole('listitem')
expect(continueButton).toHaveRole('button')

expect(() => {
expect(continueButton).toHaveRole('listitem')
}).toThrow(/expected element to have role/i)
expect(() => {
expect(continueButton).not.toHaveRole('button')
}).toThrow(/expected element not to have role/i)
})

it('matches explicit role', () => {
const {queryByTestId} = render(`
<div>
<div role="button" data-testid="continue-button">Continue</div>
</div>
`)

const continueButton = queryByTestId('continue-button')

expect(continueButton).not.toHaveRole('listitem')
expect(continueButton).toHaveRole('button')

expect(() => {
expect(continueButton).toHaveRole('listitem')
}).toThrow(/expected element to have role/i)
expect(() => {
expect(continueButton).not.toHaveRole('button')
}).toThrow(/expected element not to have role/i)
})

it('matches multiple explicit roles', () => {
const {queryByTestId} = render(`
<div>
<div role="button switch" data-testid="continue-button">Continue</div>
</div>
`)

const continueButton = queryByTestId('continue-button')

expect(continueButton).not.toHaveRole('listitem')
expect(continueButton).toHaveRole('button')
expect(continueButton).toHaveRole('switch')

expect(() => {
expect(continueButton).toHaveRole('listitem')
}).toThrow(/expected element to have role/i)
expect(() => {
expect(continueButton).not.toHaveRole('button')
}).toThrow(/expected element not to have role/i)
expect(() => {
expect(continueButton).not.toHaveRole('switch')
}).toThrow(/expected element not to have role/i)
})

// At this point, we might be testing the details of getImplicitAriaRoles, but
// it's good to have a gut check
it('handles implicit roles with multiple conditions', () => {
const {queryByTestId} = render(`
<div>
<a href="/about" data-testid="link-valid">Actually a valid link</a>
<a data-testid="link-invalid">Not a valid link (missing href)</a>
</div>
`)

const validLink = queryByTestId('link-valid')
const invalidLink = queryByTestId('link-invalid')

// valid link has role 'link'
expect(validLink).not.toHaveRole('listitem')
expect(validLink).toHaveRole('link')

expect(() => {
expect(validLink).toHaveRole('listitem')
}).toThrow(/expected element to have role/i)
expect(() => {
expect(validLink).not.toHaveRole('link')
}).toThrow(/expected element not to have role/i)

// invalid link has role 'generic'
expect(invalidLink).not.toHaveRole('listitem')
expect(invalidLink).not.toHaveRole('link')
expect(invalidLink).toHaveRole('generic')

expect(() => {
expect(invalidLink).toHaveRole('listitem')
}).toThrow(/expected element to have role/i)
expect(() => {
expect(invalidLink).toHaveRole('link')
}).toThrow(/expected element to have role/i)
expect(() => {
expect(invalidLink).not.toHaveRole('generic')
}).toThrow(/expected element not to have role/i)
})
})
1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions src/matchers.js
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ export {toContainHTML} from './to-contain-html'
export {toHaveTextContent} from './to-have-text-content'
export {toHaveAccessibleDescription} from './to-have-accessible-description'
export {toHaveAccessibleErrorMessage} from './to-have-accessible-errormessage'
export {toHaveRole} from './to-have-role'
export {toHaveAccessibleName} from './to-have-accessible-name'
export {toHaveAttribute} from './to-have-attribute'
export {toHaveClass} from './to-have-class'
Expand Down
147 changes: 147 additions & 0 deletions src/to-have-role.js
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
import {elementRoles} from 'aria-query'
import {checkHtmlElement, getMessage} from './utils'

const elementRoleList = buildElementRoleList(elementRoles)

export function toHaveRole(htmlElement, expectedRole) {
checkHtmlElement(htmlElement, toHaveRole, this)

const actualRoles = getExplicitOrImplicitRoles(htmlElement)
const pass = actualRoles.some(el => el === expectedRole)

return {
pass,

message: () => {
const to = this.isNot ? 'not to' : 'to'
return getMessage(
this,
this.utils.matcherHint(
`${this.isNot ? '.not' : ''}.${toHaveRole.name}`,
'element',
'',
),
`Expected element ${to} have role`,
expectedRole,
'Received',
actualRoles.join(', '),
)
},
}
}

function getExplicitOrImplicitRoles(htmlElement) {
const hasExplicitRole = htmlElement.hasAttribute('role')

if (hasExplicitRole) {
const roleValue = htmlElement.getAttribute('role')

// Handle fallback roles, such as role="switch button"
// testing-library gates this behind the `queryFallbacks` flag; it is
// unclear why, but it makes sense to support this pattern out of the box
// https://testing-library.com/docs/queries/byrole/#queryfallbacks
return roleValue.split(' ').filter(Boolean)
}

const implicitRoles = getImplicitAriaRoles(htmlElement)

return implicitRoles
}

function getImplicitAriaRoles(currentNode) {
for (const {match, roles} of elementRoleList) {
if (match(currentNode)) {
return [...roles]
}
}

/* istanbul ignore next */
return [] // this does not get reached in practice, since elements have at least a 'generic' role
}

/**
* Transform the roles map (with required attributes and constraints) to a list
* of roles. Each item in the list has functions to match an element against it.
*
* Essentially copied over from [dom-testing-library's
* helpers](https://github.com/testing-library/dom-testing-library/blob/bd04cf95a1ed85a2238f7dfc1a77d5d16b4f59dc/src/role-helpers.js#L80)
*
* TODO: If we are truly just copying over stuff, would it make sense to move
* this to a separate package?
*
* TODO: This technique relies on CSS selectors; are those consistently
* available in all jest-dom environments? Why do other matchers in this package
* not use them like this?
*/
function buildElementRoleList(elementRolesMap) {
function makeElementSelector({name, attributes}) {
return `${name}${attributes
.map(({name: attributeName, value, constraints = []}) => {
const shouldNotExist = constraints.indexOf('undefined') !== -1
if (shouldNotExist) {
return `:not([${attributeName}])`
} else if (value) {
return `[${attributeName}="${value}"]`
} else {
return `[${attributeName}]`
}
})
.join('')}`
}

function getSelectorSpecificity({attributes = []}) {
return attributes.length
}

function bySelectorSpecificity(
{specificity: leftSpecificity},
{specificity: rightSpecificity},
) {
return rightSpecificity - leftSpecificity
}

function match(element) {
let {attributes = []} = element

// https://github.com/testing-library/dom-testing-library/issues/814
const typeTextIndex = attributes.findIndex(
attribute =>
attribute.value &&
attribute.name === 'type' &&
attribute.value === 'text',
)

if (typeTextIndex >= 0) {
// not using splice to not mutate the attributes array
attributes = [
...attributes.slice(0, typeTextIndex),
...attributes.slice(typeTextIndex + 1),
]
}

const selector = makeElementSelector({...element, attributes})

return node => {
if (typeTextIndex >= 0 && node.type !== 'text') {
return false
}

return node.matches(selector)
}
}

let result = []

for (const [element, roles] of elementRolesMap.entries()) {
result = [
...result,
{
match: match(element),
roles: Array.from(roles),
specificity: getSelectorSpecificity(element),
},
]
}

return result.sort(bySelectorSpecificity)
}
2 changes: 2 additions & 0 deletions types/__tests__/bun/bun-custom-expect-types.test.ts
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -94,5 +94,7 @@ customExpect(element).toHaveErrorMessage(
expect.stringContaining('Invalid time'),
)

customExpect(element).toHaveRole('button')

// @ts-expect-error The types accidentally allowed any property by falling back to "any"
customExpect(element).nonExistentProperty()
2 changes: 2 additions & 0 deletions types/__tests__/bun/bun-types.test.ts
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ expect(element).toHaveErrorMessage(
)
expect(element).toHaveErrorMessage(/invalid time/i)
expect(element).toHaveErrorMessage(expect.stringContaining('Invalid time'))
expect(element).toHaveRole('button')

expect(element).not.toBeInTheDOM()
expect(element).not.toBeInTheDOM(document.body)
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -113,6 +114,7 @@ expect(element).not.toHaveAccessibleName()
expect(element).not.toBePartiallyChecked()
expect(element).not.toHaveErrorMessage()
expect(element).not.toHaveErrorMessage('Pikachu!')
expect(element).not.toHaveRole('button')

// @ts-expect-error The types accidentally allowed any property by falling back to "any"
expect(element).nonExistentProperty()
2 changes: 2 additions & 0 deletions types/__tests__/jest-globals/jest-globals-types.test.ts
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ expect(element).toHaveErrorMessage(
)
expect(element).toHaveErrorMessage(/invalid time/i)
expect(element).toHaveErrorMessage(expect.stringContaining('Invalid time'))
expect(element).toHaveRole('button')

expect(element).not.toBeInTheDOM()
expect(element).not.toBeInTheDOM(document.body)
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -113,6 +114,7 @@ expect(element).not.toHaveAccessibleName()
expect(element).not.toBePartiallyChecked()
expect(element).not.toHaveErrorMessage()
expect(element).not.toHaveErrorMessage('Pikachu!')
expect(element).not.toHaveRole('button')

// @ts-expect-error The types accidentally allowed any property by falling back to "any"
expect(element).nonExistentProperty()
2 changes: 2 additions & 0 deletions types/__tests__/jest/jest-types.test.ts
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -65,6 +65,7 @@ expect(element).toHaveErrorMessage(
)
expect(element).toHaveErrorMessage(/invalid time/i)
expect(element).toHaveErrorMessage(expect.stringContaining('Invalid time'))
expect(element).toHaveRole('button')

expect(element).not.toBeInTheDOM()
expect(element).not.toBeInTheDOM(document.body)
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -112,6 +113,7 @@ expect(element).not.toHaveAccessibleName()
expect(element).not.toBePartiallyChecked()
expect(element).not.toHaveErrorMessage()
expect(element).not.toHaveErrorMessage('Pikachu!')
expect(element).not.toHaveRole('button')

// @ts-expect-error The types accidentally allowed any property by falling back to "any"
expect(element).nonExistentProperty()
2 changes: 2 additions & 0 deletions types/__tests__/vitest/vitest-types.test.ts
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ expect(element).toHaveErrorMessage(
)
expect(element).toHaveErrorMessage(/invalid time/i)
expect(element).toHaveErrorMessage(expect.stringContaining('Invalid time'))
expect(element).toHaveRole('button')

expect(element).not.toBeInTheDOM()
expect(element).not.toBeInTheDOM(document.body)
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -113,6 +114,7 @@ expect(element).not.toHaveAccessibleName()
expect(element).not.toBePartiallyChecked()
expect(element).not.toHaveErrorMessage()
expect(element).not.toHaveErrorMessage('Pikachu!')
expect(element).not.toHaveRole('button')

// @ts-expect-error The types accidentally allowed any property by falling back to "any"
expect(element).nonExistentProperty()
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