Homeworks #4: Working with dates, time and advanced string operations

Skills you will gain by completing the tasks:

• Calculate the number of days between a given date and the current date.
• Generate a set of unique random numbers within the specified parameters.
• Normalize phone numbers to standard format.
• Output a list of colleagues' birthdays for a week ahead.

Task 1: Days between dates

• Create a function get_days_from_today(date) that calculates the number of days between a given date and today.
• The function takes one parameter: date - a string representing a date in 'YYYY-MM-DD' format.
• The function returns an integer representing the number of days between the given date and today.
• If the given date is in the future, the result should be negative.
• Use the datetime module for date calculations.

Task 2: Lottery ticket generator

• Create a function get_numbers_ticket(min, max, quantity) that helps generate random unique number sets for lottery tickets.
• The function takes three parameters:
  • min - the minimum possible number in the set (no less than 1).
  • max - the maximum possible number in the set (no more than 1000).
  • quantity - the number of numbers to choose (a value between min and max).
• The function generates the specified number of unique random numbers within the given range.
• The function returns a sorted list of randomly chosen numbers.
• If the parameters do not meet the specified requirements, the function returns an empty list.

Task 3: Phone number normalizer

• Create a function normalize_phone(phone_number) that normalizes phone numbers to a standard format.
• The function takes one argument - a string with a phone number in any format.
• The function removes all characters except digits and the '+' symbol.
• If the international code is missing, the function adds the '+38' code (for Ukraine).
• The function returns the normalized phone number as a string.

Task 4: Upcoming birthdays

• Create a function get_upcoming_birthdays(users) that helps identify colleagues whose birthdays are coming up.
• The function takes one parameter: users - a list of dictionaries, where each dictionary contains keys name (user's name, string) and birthday (birthday in 'YYYY.MM.DD' format).
• The function should determine who has birthdays within the next 7 days (including today).
• If a birthday falls on a weekend, the greeting date should be moved to the next Monday.
• The function returns a list of dictionaries, where each dictionary contains information about the user (key name) and the greeting date (key congratulation_date, formatted as 'YYYY.MM.DD').