ReceiveChannel.broadcast shall start lazy coroutine when closed (#1717)

* ReceiveChannel.broadcast shall start lazy coroutine when closed
* Documentation on broadcast operators is added that explains that the resulting BroadcastChannel shall be cancelled if it is not needed anymore.
* The only functional change is that closing a broadcast channel for lazy coroutine shall start the corresponding coroutine to give it a chance to promptly fail.
*  Also fix the order of events in lazy actor to be consistent with a broadcast channel

Fixes #1713

kotlinx-coroutines-core/common/src/channels/Broadcast.kt

@@ -10,27 +10,48 @@ import kotlinx.coroutines.channels.Channel.Factory.UNLIMITED
 import kotlinx.coroutines.intrinsics.*
 import kotlin.coroutines.*
 import kotlin.coroutines.intrinsics.*
+import kotlin.native.concurrent.*
 
 /**
  * Broadcasts all elements of the channel.
+ * This function [consumes][ReceiveChannel.consume] all elements of the original [ReceiveChannel].
  *
  * The kind of the resulting channel depends on the specified [capacity] parameter:
  * when `capacity` is positive (1 by default), but less than [UNLIMITED] -- uses `ArrayBroadcastChannel` with a buffer of given capacity,
  * when `capacity` is [CONFLATED] -- uses [ConflatedBroadcastChannel] that conflates back-to-back sends;
  *   Note that resulting channel behaves like [ConflatedBroadcastChannel] but is not an instance of [ConflatedBroadcastChannel].
  *   otherwise -- throws [IllegalArgumentException].
  *
+ * ### Cancelling broadcast
+ *
+ * **To stop broadcasting from the underlying channel call [cancel][BroadcastChannel.cancel] on the result.**
+ *
+ * Do not use [close][BroadcastChannel.close] on the resulting channel.
+ * It causes eventual failure of the broadcast coroutine and cancellation of the underlying channel, too,
+ * but it is not as prompt.
+ *
+ * ### Future replacement
+ *
+ * This function has an inappropriate result type of [BroadcastChannel] which provides
+ * [send][BroadcastChannel.send] and [close][BroadcastChannel.close] operations that interfere with
+ * the broadcasting coroutine in hard-to-specify ways. It will be replaced with
+ * sharing operators on [Flow][kotlinx.coroutines.flow.Flow] in the future.
+ *
  * @param start coroutine start option. The default value is [CoroutineStart.LAZY].
  */
 fun <E> ReceiveChannel<E>.broadcast(
     capacity: Int = 1,
     start: CoroutineStart = CoroutineStart.LAZY
-): BroadcastChannel<E> =
-    GlobalScope.broadcast(Dispatchers.Unconfined, capacity = capacity, start = start, onCompletion = consumes()) {
+): BroadcastChannel<E> {
+    val scope = GlobalScope + Dispatchers.Unconfined + CoroutineExceptionHandler { _, _ -> }
+    // We can run this coroutine in the context that ignores all exceptions, because of `onCompletion = consume()`
+    // which passes all exceptions upstream to the source ReceiveChannel
+    return scope.broadcast(capacity = capacity, start = start, onCompletion = consumes()) {
         for (e in this@broadcast) {
             send(e)
         }
     }
+}
 
 /**
  * Launches new coroutine to produce a stream of values by sending them to a broadcast channel
@@ -63,6 +84,21 @@ fun <E> ReceiveChannel<E>.broadcast(
  *
  * See [newCoroutineContext] for a description of debugging facilities that are available for newly created coroutine.
  *
+ * ### Cancelling broadcast
+ *
+ * **To stop broadcasting from the underlying channel call [cancel][BroadcastChannel.cancel] on the result.**
+ *
+ * Do not use [close][BroadcastChannel.close] on the resulting channel.
+ * It causes  failure of the `send` operation in broadcast coroutine and would not cancel it if the
+ * coroutine is doing something else.
+ *
+ * ### Future replacement
+ *
+ * This function has an inappropriate result type of [BroadcastChannel] which provides
+ * [send][BroadcastChannel.send] and [close][BroadcastChannel.close] operations that interfere with
+ * the broadcasting coroutine in hard-to-specify ways. It will be replaced with
+ * sharing operators on [Flow][kotlinx.coroutines.flow.Flow] in the future.
+ *
  * @param context additional to [CoroutineScope.coroutineContext] context of the coroutine.
  * @param capacity capacity of the channel's buffer (1 by default).
  * @param start coroutine start option. The default value is [CoroutineStart.LAZY].
@@ -107,8 +143,9 @@ private open class BroadcastCoroutine<E>(
     }
 
     override fun cancelInternal(cause: Throwable) {
-        _channel.cancel(cause.toCancellationException()) // cancel the channel
-        cancelCoroutine(cause) // cancel the job
+        val exception = cause.toCancellationException()
+        _channel.cancel(exception) // cancel the channel
+        cancelCoroutine(exception) // cancel the job
     }
 
     override fun onCompleted(value: Unit) {
@@ -119,6 +156,13 @@ private open class BroadcastCoroutine<E>(
         val processed = _channel.close(cause)
         if (!processed && !handled) handleCoroutineException(context, cause)
     }
+
+    // The BroadcastChannel could be also closed
+    override fun close(cause: Throwable?): Boolean {
+        val result = _channel.close(cause)
+        start() // start coroutine if it was not started yet
+        return result
+    }
 }
 
 private class LazyBroadcastCoroutine<E>(

kotlinx-coroutines-core/common/test/channels/BroadcastTest.kt

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2016-2018 JetBrains s.r.o. Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license.
+ * Copyright 2016-2019 JetBrains s.r.o. Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license.
  */
 
+@file:Suppress("NAMED_ARGUMENTS_NOT_ALLOWED")
+
 package kotlinx.coroutines.channels
 
 import kotlinx.coroutines.*
-import kotlin.coroutines.*
 import kotlin.test.*
 
 class BroadcastTest : TestBase() {
@@ -34,4 +35,106 @@ class BroadcastTest : TestBase() {
         yield() // to broadcast
         finish(11)
     }
+
+    /**
+     * See https://github.com/Kotlin/kotlinx.coroutines/issues/1713
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun testChannelBroadcastLazyCancel() = runTest {
+        expect(1)
+        val a = produce {
+            expect(3)
+            assertFailsWith<CancellationException> { send("MSG") }
+            expect(5)
+        }
+        expect(2)
+        yield() // to produce
+        val b = a.broadcast()
+        b.cancel()
+        expect(4)
+        yield() // to abort produce
+        assertTrue(a.isClosedForReceive) // the source channel was consumed
+        finish(6)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testChannelBroadcastLazyClose() = runTest {
+        expect(1)
+        val a = produce {
+            expect(3)
+            send("MSG")
+            expect(5)
+        }
+        expect(2)
+        yield() // to produce
+        val b = a.broadcast()
+        b.close()
+        expect(4)
+        yield() // to abort produce
+        assertTrue(a.isClosedForReceive) // the source channel was consumed
+        finish(6)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testChannelBroadcastEagerCancel() = runTest {
+        expect(1)
+        val a = produce<Unit> {
+            expect(3)
+            yield() // back to main
+            expectUnreached() // will be cancelled
+        }
+        expect(2)
+        val b = a.broadcast(start = CoroutineStart.DEFAULT)
+        yield() // to produce
+        expect(4)
+        b.cancel()
+        yield() // to produce (cancelled)
+        assertTrue(a.isClosedForReceive) // the source channel was consumed
+        finish(5)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testChannelBroadcastEagerClose() = runTest {
+        expect(1)
+        val a = produce<Unit> {
+            expect(3)
+            yield() // back to main
+            // shall eventually get cancelled
+            assertFailsWith<CancellationException> {
+                while (true) { send(Unit) }
+            }
+        }
+        expect(2)
+        val b = a.broadcast(start = CoroutineStart.DEFAULT)
+        yield() // to produce
+        expect(4)
+        b.close()
+        yield() // to produce (closed)
+        assertTrue(a.isClosedForReceive) // the source channel was consumed
+        finish(5)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testBroadcastCloseWithException() = runTest {
+        expect(1)
+        val b = broadcast(NonCancellable, capacity = 1) {
+            expect(2)
+            send(1)
+            expect(3)
+            send(2) // suspends
+            expect(5)
+            // additional attempts to send fail
+            assertFailsWith<TestException> { send(3) }
+        }
+        val sub = b.openSubscription()
+        yield() // into broadcast
+        expect(4)
+        b.close(TestException()) // close broadcast channel with exception
+        assertTrue(b.isClosedForSend) // sub was also closed
+        assertEquals(1, sub.receive()) // 1st element received
+        assertEquals(2, sub.receive()) // 2nd element received
+        assertFailsWith<TestException> { sub.receive() } // then closed with exception
+        yield() // to cancel broadcast
+        finish(6)
+    }
 }

kotlinx-coroutines-core/jvm/src/channels/Actor.kt

@@ -165,8 +165,11 @@ private class LazyActorCoroutine<E>(
     }
 
     override fun close(cause: Throwable?): Boolean {
+        // close the channel _first_
+        val closed = super.close(cause)
+        // then start the coroutine (it will promptly fail if it was not started yet)
         start()
-        return super.close(cause)
+        return closed
     }
 
     override val onSend: SelectClause2<E, SendChannel<E>>