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Cover: Add aria-label to fixed and repeated image backgrounds #50990

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merged 20 commits into from
Oct 18, 2023

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carolinan
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@carolinan carolinan commented May 26, 2023

What?

When a cover block has a fixed or repeated background, it uses a div with the attribute role="img".
The goal of this PR is to solve two issues:

  1. The role="img" should not be used if the image is presentational (decorative) and has no alt text.
  2. If the image is not presentational but content, then it needs to have both role="img" and an alternative text. Because alt="" is not a valid option for a div with role="img", aria-label is used instead.

Closes #49902

Why?

To improve accessibility when the fixed background or repeated backgrounds are used.

How?

In block.json, the alt block attribute used the img as the selector and the alt as the attribute, so I had to remove these
from the block.json. I was not able to make this work with the <image, the <div>, the alt, and the aria-label without removing it.

Previous:

		"alt": {
			"type": "string",
			"source": "attribute",
			"selector": "img",
			"attribute": "alt",
			"default": ""
		},

In the PR:

		"alt": {
			"type": "string",
			"default": ""
		},

Testing Instructions

  1. Add a cover block with an image background.
  2. Enable the options: Fixed background and Repeated background.
  3. Confirm that the alt text field is still present in the block settings sidebar. Previously, this field would have been hidden.
  4. With the alt text field empty: Please view the source and confirm that the div that has background image in the style attribute does not have a role="img" and does not have an aria-label. Do the same on the front.
  5. Add the alt text and view the source. Confirm that the div has the alt text content inside an aria-label, and the role="image" is present. Do the same on the front.
  6. Deactivate Fixed background and Repeated background, and confirm that the image now uses the img tag and the alt attribute. Do the same on the front.

Testing Instructions for Screen readers

  1. Add a cover block with an image background.
  2. Navigate to the block settings sidebar.
  3. In the settings tab, navigate past the Layout panel to the Media settings panel.
  4. Enable the two first checkboxes: Fixed background and Repeat background.
  5. Navigate past to two steppers: left and top.
  6. In the text area, add an alternative text.
  7. To confirm that the alt text is used with the image background, read the content of the post: The alt will not be announced while the block is selected for editing.
  8. Save and view the post or page on the front.
  9. On the front, the cover block itself is not focusable. Confirm that the alt text is announced while reading the full page content.

Screenshots or screencast

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Size Change: +64 B (0%)

Total Size: 1.66 MB

Filename Size Change
build/block-library/index.min.js 211 kB +64 B (0%)
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github-actions bot commented May 26, 2023

Flaky tests detected in 3d8dcf9.
Some tests passed with failed attempts. The failures may not be related to this commit but are still reported for visibility. See the documentation for more information.

🔍 Workflow run URL: https://github.com/WordPress/gutenberg/actions/runs/6556761046
📝 Reported issues:

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carolinan commented May 26, 2023

Deprecation:

  • Supports are as they were before the PR
  • Attributes are as they were before the PR
  • Save function is as it was before the PR

Fixtures:
One fixture updated
One fixture added, for cover blocks with fixed background and alternative text.

@carolinan carolinan marked this pull request as ready for review May 26, 2023 11:20
@carolinan carolinan requested a review from ajitbohra as a code owner May 26, 2023 11:20
@carolinan carolinan added [a11y] Labelling [Block] Cover Affects the Cover Block - used to display content laid over a background image labels May 26, 2023
@carolinan carolinan added the [Type] Bug An existing feature does not function as intended label Jun 15, 2023
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@aristath aristath left a comment

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I did not do a full review, but from a quick look the code seems reasonale. I'm not 100% sure about the usability of this, as alt and aria-label arew different.
cc @afercia for some feedback here 🙏

I feel this is definitely an improvement over what we currently have, but it would be good to have some additional feedback here

@priethor priethor added [Focus] Accessibility (a11y) Changes that impact accessibility and need corresponding review (e.g. markup changes). and removed [a11y] Labelling labels Jul 24, 2023
@carolinan carolinan removed the [Type] Bug An existing feature does not function as intended label Aug 11, 2023
@kerri-hicks kerri-hicks mentioned this pull request Sep 18, 2023
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@carolinan carolinan marked this pull request as draft September 26, 2023 11:05
@carolinan carolinan marked this pull request as ready for review September 28, 2023 10:53
@@ -19,9 +19,6 @@
},
"alt": {
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I wonder if the name of the attribute is reflective of what it does now :)

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Maybe the name could be "accessibleText". I'm not sure that is clearer.

@draganescu draganescu added the [Type] Bug An existing feature does not function as intended label Sep 29, 2023
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Since it corrects invalid markup produced by the block (having an alt attr for a div with role img) I labeled this as a bug fix.

The code looks good 👏🏻 the only question is if this is the way to do it, same as Ari mentioned, is the solution in the PR a recommented way to handle this situation or an ad hoc workaround that works?

@carolinan carolinan requested a review from joedolson October 2, 2023 06:31
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I labeled this as a bug fix.

I don't disagree but we are only allowed one Type label.

@carolinan carolinan requested a review from afercia October 13, 2023 10:13
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I will approve this because honestly this looks like the only way to achieve a better assistive tech experience for this situation. The code looks good.

@aristath aristath merged commit af34a42 into trunk Oct 18, 2023
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@aristath aristath deleted the update/cover-background-label branch October 18, 2023 08:46
@github-actions github-actions bot added this to the Gutenberg 16.9 milestone Oct 18, 2023
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[Block] Cover Affects the Cover Block - used to display content laid over a background image [Focus] Accessibility (a11y) Changes that impact accessibility and need corresponding review (e.g. markup changes). [Type] Bug An existing feature does not function as intended
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Cover Block: fixed background image fails a11y test
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