Demote Vertex from its status as an object, embed it in HalfEdge

crates/fj-kernel/src/algorithms/intersect/face_point.rs

@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ pub enum FacePointIntersection {
     PointIsOnEdge(Handle<HalfEdge>),
 
     /// The point is coincident with a vertex
-    PointIsOnVertex(Handle<Vertex>),
+    PointIsOnVertex(Vertex),
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -346,10 +346,11 @@ mod tests {
             .find(|vertex| {
                 vertex.surface_form().position() == Point::from([1., 0.])
             })
-            .unwrap();
+            .unwrap()
+            .clone();
         assert_eq!(
             intersection,
-            Some(FacePointIntersection::PointIsOnVertex(vertex.clone()))
+            Some(FacePointIntersection::PointIsOnVertex(vertex))
         );
     }
 }

crates/fj-kernel/src/algorithms/intersect/ray_face.rs

@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ pub enum RayFaceIntersection {
     RayHitsEdge(Handle<HalfEdge>),
 
     /// The ray hits a vertex
-    RayHitsVertex(Handle<Vertex>),
+    RayHitsVertex(Vertex),
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -291,10 +291,11 @@ mod tests {
             .find(|vertex| {
                 vertex.surface_form().position() == Point::from([-1., -1.])
             })
-            .unwrap();
+            .unwrap()
+            .clone();
         assert_eq!(
             (&ray, &face).intersect(),
-            Some(RayFaceIntersection::RayHitsVertex(vertex.clone()))
+            Some(RayFaceIntersection::RayHitsVertex(vertex))
         );
     }
 

crates/fj-kernel/src/algorithms/sweep/edge.rs

@@ -81,7 +81,6 @@ impl Sweep for (Handle<HalfEdge>, Color) {
                             curve.clone(),
                             surface_vertex,
                         )
-                        .insert(objects)
                     })
             };
 
@@ -138,7 +137,6 @@ impl Sweep for (Handle<HalfEdge>, Color) {
                 .collect::<[_; 2]>()
                 .map(|(vertex, surface_form)| {
                     Vertex::new(vertex.position(), curve.clone(), surface_form)
-                        .insert(objects)
                 });
 
             HalfEdge::new(vertices, global).insert(objects)
@@ -236,10 +234,8 @@ mod tests {
                 {
                     let [back, front] = &mut side_up.vertices;
 
-                    back.write().surface_form =
-                        bottom.vertices[1].read().surface_form.clone();
+                    back.surface_form = bottom.vertices[1].surface_form.clone();
 
-                    let mut front = front.write();
                     let mut front = front.surface_form.write();
                     front.position = Some([1., 1.].into());
                     front.surface = surface.clone();
@@ -257,13 +253,12 @@ mod tests {
                 {
                     let [back, front] = &mut top.vertices;
 
-                    let mut back = back.write();
                     let mut back = back.surface_form.write();
                     back.position = Some([0., 1.].into());
                     back.surface = surface.clone();
 
-                    front.write().surface_form =
-                        side_up.vertices[1].read().surface_form.clone();
+                    front.surface_form =
+                        side_up.vertices[1].surface_form.clone();
                 }
 
                 top.infer_global_form();
@@ -283,10 +278,8 @@ mod tests {
 
                 let [back, front] = &mut side_down.vertices;
 
-                back.write().surface_form =
-                    bottom.vertices[0].read().surface_form.clone();
-                front.write().surface_form =
-                    top.vertices[1].read().surface_form.clone();
+                back.surface_form = bottom.vertices[0].surface_form.clone();
+                front.surface_form = top.vertices[1].surface_form.clone();
 
                 side_down.infer_global_form();
                 side_down.update_as_line_segment();

crates/fj-kernel/src/algorithms/sweep/vertex.rs

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ use crate::{
 
 use super::{Sweep, SweepCache};
 
-impl Sweep for (Handle<Vertex>, Handle<Surface>) {
+impl Sweep for (Vertex, Handle<Surface>) {
     type Swept = Handle<HalfEdge>;
 
     fn sweep_with_cache(
@@ -112,7 +112,6 @@ impl Sweep for (Handle<Vertex>, Handle<Surface>) {
                 curve.clone(),
                 surface_form,
             )
-            .insert(objects)
         });
 
         // And finally, creating the output `Edge` is just a matter of
@@ -188,8 +187,7 @@ mod tests {
                 ..Default::default()
             }),
         }
-        .build(&mut services.objects)
-        .insert(&mut services.objects);
+        .build(&mut services.objects);
 
         let half_edge = (vertex, surface.clone())
             .sweep([0., 0., 1.], &mut services.objects);

crates/fj-kernel/src/builder/cycle.rs

@@ -99,23 +99,21 @@ impl CycleBuilder for PartialCycle {
 
         {
             let shared_surface_vertex =
-                new_half_edge.read().back().read().surface_form.clone();
+                new_half_edge.read().back().surface_form.clone();
 
             let mut last_half_edge = last_half_edge.write();
 
-            last_half_edge.front_mut().write().surface_form =
-                shared_surface_vertex;
+            last_half_edge.front_mut().surface_form = shared_surface_vertex;
             last_half_edge.infer_global_form();
         }
 
         {
             let shared_surface_vertex =
-                first_half_edge.read().back().read().surface_form.clone();
+                first_half_edge.read().back().surface_form.clone();
 
             let mut new_half_edge = new_half_edge.write();
 
-            new_half_edge.front_mut().write().surface_form =
-                shared_surface_vertex;
+            new_half_edge.front_mut().surface_form = shared_surface_vertex;
             new_half_edge.replace_surface(self.surface.clone());
             new_half_edge.infer_global_form();
         }
@@ -130,13 +128,8 @@ impl CycleBuilder for PartialCycle {
     ) -> Partial<HalfEdge> {
         let mut half_edge = self.add_half_edge();
 
-        half_edge
-            .write()
-            .back_mut()
-            .write()
-            .surface_form
-            .write()
-            .position = Some(point.into());
+        half_edge.write().back_mut().surface_form.write().position =
+            Some(point.into());
 
         half_edge
     }
@@ -150,7 +143,6 @@ impl CycleBuilder for PartialCycle {
         half_edge
             .write()
             .back_mut()
-            .write()
             .surface_form
             .write()
             .global_form
@@ -198,7 +190,6 @@ impl CycleBuilder for PartialCycle {
             half_edge
                 .write()
                 .back_mut()
-                .write()
                 .surface_form
                 .write()
                 .global_form

crates/fj-kernel/src/builder/edge.rs

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ impl HalfEdgeBuilder for PartialHalfEdge {
         let surface = surface.into();
 
         for vertex in &mut self.vertices {
-            vertex.write().replace_surface(surface.clone());
+            vertex.replace_surface(surface.clone());
         }
     }
 
@@ -72,15 +72,15 @@ impl HalfEdgeBuilder for PartialHalfEdge {
 
         let mut surface_vertex = {
             let [vertex, _] = &mut self.vertices;
-            vertex.write().surface_form.clone()
+            vertex.surface_form.clone()
         };
         surface_vertex.write().position =
             Some(path.point_from_path_coords(a_curve));
 
         for (vertex, point_curve) in
             self.vertices.each_mut_ext().zip_ext([a_curve, b_curve])
         {
-            let mut vertex = vertex.write();
+            let mut vertex = vertex;
             vertex.position = Some(point_curve);
             vertex.surface_form = surface_vertex.clone();
         }
@@ -95,7 +95,6 @@ impl HalfEdgeBuilder for PartialHalfEdge {
         }
         let points_surface = self.vertices.each_ref_ext().map(|vertex| {
             vertex
-                .read()
                 .surface_form
                 .read()
                 .position
@@ -123,7 +122,6 @@ impl HalfEdgeBuilder for PartialHalfEdge {
         for (vertex, point_curve) in
             self.vertices.each_mut_ext().zip_ext([a_curve, b_curve])
         {
-            let mut vertex = vertex.write();
             vertex.position = Some(point_curve);
             vertex.surface_form.write().position =
                 Some(path.point_from_path_coords(point_curve));
@@ -140,7 +138,6 @@ impl HalfEdgeBuilder for PartialHalfEdge {
         let surface = surface.into();
 
         for (vertex, point) in self.vertices.each_mut_ext().zip_ext(points) {
-            let mut vertex = vertex.write();
             vertex.curve.write().surface = surface.clone();
 
             let mut surface_form = vertex.surface_form.write();
@@ -154,7 +151,6 @@ impl HalfEdgeBuilder for PartialHalfEdge {
     fn update_as_line_segment(&mut self) {
         let points_surface = self.vertices.each_ref_ext().map(|vertex| {
             vertex
-                .read()
                 .surface_form
                 .read()
                 .position
@@ -167,7 +163,7 @@ impl HalfEdgeBuilder for PartialHalfEdge {
 
         for (vertex, position) in self.vertices.each_mut_ext().zip_ext([0., 1.])
         {
-            vertex.write().position = Some([position].into());
+            vertex.position = Some([position].into());
         }
 
         self.infer_global_form();
@@ -176,10 +172,10 @@ impl HalfEdgeBuilder for PartialHalfEdge {
     fn infer_global_form(&mut self) -> Partial<GlobalEdge> {
         self.global_form.write().curve =
             self.curve().read().global_form.clone();
-        self.global_form.write().vertices =
-            self.vertices.each_ref_ext().map(|vertex| {
-                vertex.read().surface_form.read().global_form.clone()
-            });
+        self.global_form.write().vertices = self
+            .vertices
+            .each_ref_ext()
+            .map(|vertex| vertex.surface_form.read().global_form.clone());
 
         self.global_form.clone()
     }
@@ -202,13 +198,8 @@ impl HalfEdgeBuilder for PartialHalfEdge {
             .iter_mut()
             .zip(other.read().vertices.iter().rev())
         {
-            this.write()
-                .surface_form
-                .write()
-                .global_form
-                .write()
-                .position =
-                other.read().surface_form.read().global_form.read().position;
+            this.surface_form.write().global_form.write().position =
+                other.surface_form.read().global_form.read().position;
         }
     }
 }

crates/fj-kernel/src/builder/face.rs

@@ -109,9 +109,10 @@ impl FaceBuilder for PartialFace {
 
     fn update_surface_as_plane(&mut self) -> Partial<Surface> {
         let mut exterior = self.exterior.write();
-        let mut vertices = exterior.half_edges.iter().map(|half_edge| {
-            half_edge.read().back().read().surface_form.clone()
-        });
+        let mut vertices = exterior
+            .half_edges
+            .iter()
+            .map(|half_edge| half_edge.read().back().surface_form.clone());
 
         let vertices = {
             let array = [
@@ -164,12 +165,7 @@ impl FaceBuilder for PartialFace {
                     MaybeSurfacePath::UndefinedLine => {
                         let points_surface =
                             half_edge.vertices.each_ref_ext().map(|vertex| {
-                                vertex
-                                    .read()
-                                    .surface_form
-                                    .read()
-                                    .position
-                                    .expect(
+                                vertex.surface_form.read().position.expect(
                                     "Can't infer curve without surface points",
                                 )
                             });
@@ -182,7 +178,7 @@ impl FaceBuilder for PartialFace {
                             .each_mut_ext()
                             .zip_ext(points_curve)
                         {
-                            vertex.write().position = Some(point);
+                            vertex.position = Some(point);
                         }
                     }
                 }

crates/fj-kernel/src/insert.rs

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 use crate::{
     objects::{
         Curve, Cycle, Face, GlobalCurve, GlobalEdge, GlobalVertex, HalfEdge,
-        Objects, Shell, Sketch, Solid, Surface, SurfaceVertex, Vertex,
+        Objects, Shell, Sketch, Solid, Surface, SurfaceVertex,
     },
     services::{Service, ServiceObjectsExt},
     storage::Handle,
@@ -46,5 +46,4 @@ impl_insert!(
     Solid, solids;
     SurfaceVertex, surface_vertices;
     Surface, surfaces;
-    Vertex, vertices;
 );

crates/fj-kernel/src/objects/full/edge.rs

@@ -8,16 +8,13 @@ use crate::{
 /// A half-edge
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Hash, Ord, PartialOrd)]
 pub struct HalfEdge {
-    vertices: [Handle<Vertex>; 2],
+    vertices: [Vertex; 2],
     global_form: Handle<GlobalEdge>,
 }
 
 impl HalfEdge {
     /// Create an instance of `HalfEdge`
-    pub fn new(
-        vertices: [Handle<Vertex>; 2],
-        global_form: Handle<GlobalEdge>,
-    ) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(vertices: [Vertex; 2], global_form: Handle<GlobalEdge>) -> Self {
         Self {
             vertices,
             global_form,
@@ -31,18 +28,18 @@ impl HalfEdge {
     }
 
     /// Access the vertices that bound the half-edge on the curve
-    pub fn vertices(&self) -> &[Handle<Vertex>; 2] {
+    pub fn vertices(&self) -> &[Vertex; 2] {
         &self.vertices
     }
 
     /// Access the vertex at the back of the half-edge
-    pub fn back(&self) -> &Handle<Vertex> {
+    pub fn back(&self) -> &Vertex {
         let [back, _] = self.vertices();
         back
     }
 
     /// Access the vertex at the front of the half-edge
-    pub fn front(&self) -> &Handle<Vertex> {
+    pub fn front(&self) -> &Vertex {
         let [_, front] = self.vertices();
         front
     }

crates/fj-kernel/src/objects/object.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use std::any::Any;
 use crate::{
     objects::{
         Curve, Cycle, Face, GlobalCurve, GlobalEdge, GlobalVertex, HalfEdge,
-        Objects, Shell, Sketch, Solid, Surface, SurfaceVertex, Vertex,
+        Objects, Shell, Sketch, Solid, Surface, SurfaceVertex,
     },
     storage::{Handle, ObjectId},
     validate::{Validate, ValidationError},
@@ -120,7 +120,6 @@ object!(
     Solid, "solid", solids;
     Surface, "surface", surfaces;
     SurfaceVertex, "surface vertex", surface_vertices;
-    Vertex, "vertex", vertices;
 );
 
 /// The form that an object can take