WIP [REFACTORING] Use black for autoformatting

[jtwaleson]

Description

To prevent needless discussions on code style, pep8/pyflakes (together flake8) is already used to enforce a coding standard and prevent python errors. The program black makes things even simpler and completely standardizes the way that python code is formatted. This PR does a couple of things:

• Add black to pre-commit hook
• Add black to github actions to check all code and give an error if it does not agree
• Applies black to all existing code
• Changes a flake8 rule (E203) that is not 100% compatible with black. See Does not comply with E203 from pep8 psf/black#315 .

Applying black to all code is a MASSIVE change, so don't hesitate to pause this PR and see what the rest of the community thinks.

Pros for applying black:

• no more discussion on how to format things in python code
• super quick cleanup by just running the pre-commit hook

Cons:

• for newcomers it's an additional thing they might need to get familiar with
• it messes a bit with the git history. This PR changes most of the python files with purely cosmetic changes.

It's a bit of a mix between a CHORE and REFACTORING. No code is functionally changed. For the code review, only look at commit 836a027 as editing the test code to not use lambdas was done by hand.

Mentioned in discussion #4447

What more can I say.

How to test

To verify nothing else was changed do the following:

• install black on your system
• check out the repo at the commit before "[CHORE] massive change - apply black for autoformatting"
• run black
• run git diff c4ea7b6b14cd2c18cf00a87fb884bbb623849286 (currently that is the commit in this PR that applies black)
• there should be no diff, indicating that

Checklist

• Contains one of the PR categories in the name
• Describes changes in the format above
• Links to an existing issue or discussion
• Has a "How to test" section

[jtwaleson]

Still needs some work as this clashes with autopep8.

[Felienne]

Still needs some work as this clashes with autopep8.

Yes, that too does some auto-rewriting. I am not entirely sure what black adds over autopep (there probably are if you suggest this) but it would be nice to add to this PR so we can discuss the value.

[Felienne]

Let's close this for now, it does not add enough value to warrant changes in working and conflicts in other open PR's.