planner: introduce PlanContext to provide context for planner phase

[lcwangchao]

What problem does this PR solve?

Issue Number: close #51070

What changed and how does it work?

introduce PlanContext to provide context for planner phase

Check List

Tests

• Unit test
• Integration test
• Manual test (add detailed scripts or steps below)
• No need to test

  • I checked and no code files have been changed.

Side effects

• Performance regression: Consumes more CPU
• Performance regression: Consumes more Memory
• Breaking backward compatibility

Documentation

• Affects user behaviors
• Contains syntax changes
• Contains variable changes
• Contains experimental features
• Changes MySQL compatibility

Release note

Please refer to Release Notes Language Style Guide to write a quality release note.

None

[tiprow]

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #51074 (757cd73) into master (c5eced1) will increase coverage by 0.5536%.
Report is 3 commits behind head on master.
The diff coverage is 95.8598%.

Additional details and impacted files

@@               Coverage Diff                @@
##             master     #51074        +/-   ##
================================================
+ Coverage   72.2974%   72.8510%   +0.5536%     
================================================
  Files          1467       1467                
  Lines        361912     436533     +74621     
================================================
+ Hits         261653     318019     +56366     
- Misses        80962      98640     +17678     
- Partials      19297      19874       +577     

Flag	Coverage Δ
integration	49.2160% <85.0318%> (?)
unit	70.4863% <94.9044%> (-1.6883%)	⬇️

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Components	Coverage Δ
dumpling	54.2940% <ø> (-2.1832%)	⬇️
parser	∅ <ø> (∅)
br	51.2719% <ø> (+4.9435%)	⬆️

[ti-chi-bot]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by: winoros, zimulala

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Needs approval from an approver in each of these files:

• OWNERS [winoros,zimulala]
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• pkg/table/OWNERS [zimulala]

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[ti-chi-bot]

[LGTM Timeline notifier]

Timeline:

• 2024-02-08 06:54:54.467054588 +0000 UTC m=+426220.033824486: ☑️ agreed by zimulala.
• 2024-02-08 09:54:40.08292238 +0000 UTC m=+437005.649692269: ☑️ agreed by winoros.