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---
title: PHP and PHP-FPM
author: Antoine Le Morvan
contributors: Steven Spencer, Ganna Zhyrnova, Joseph Brinkman
tested_with: 8.9, 9.3
contributors: Steven Spencer, Ganna Zhyrnova
tested_with: 8.9
tags:
- web
- php
Expand All @@ -11,7 +11,11 @@ tags:

# PHP and PHP-FPM

**PHP** (**P**HP **H**ypertext **P**reprocessor) is a source scripting language, specially designed for web application development. In 2024, PHP represented a little less than 80% of the web pages generated in the world. PHP is open-source and is the core of the most famous CMS (WordPress, Drupal, Joomla!, Magento, ...).
!!! warning "Written for Rocky Linux 8.x"

This procedure was initially published when Rocky Linux 8.x was the only version. This procedure must tested and rewritten for Rocky Linux 9.x.

**PHP** (**P**HP **H**ypertext **P**reprocessor) is a source scripting language, specially designed for web application development. In 2021, PHP represented a little less than 80% of the web pages generated in the world. PHP is open-source and is the core of the most famous CMS (WordPress, Drupal, Joomla!, Magento, ...).

**PHP-FPM** (**F**astCGI **P**rocess **M**anager) is integrated to PHP since its version 5.3.3. The FastCGI version of PHP brings additional functionalities.

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -39,85 +43,47 @@ Rocky Linux, like its upstream, offers many versions of the language. Some of th

To obtain a list of available versions, simply enter the following command:

=== "9.0"

```bash { .sh data-copy="sudo dnf module list php" }
$ sudo dnf module list php

Rocky Linux 9 - AppStream
Name Stream Profiles Summary
php 8.1 [d] common [d], devel, minimal

Hint: [d]efault, [e]nabled, [x]disabled, [i]nstalled
```

The Remi repository offers more recent releases of PHP than the Appstream repository, including versions 8.2 and 8.3.

To install the Remi repository, run the following command:

```bash
sudo dnf install https://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-9.rpm
```

Once the Remi repository is installed, enable it by running the following command.

```bash
sudo dnf config-manager --set-enabled remi
```

You can now activate a newer module (PHP 8.3) by entering the following command:

```bash
sudo dnf module enable php:8.3
```

=== "8.9"

Rocky Linux, like its upstream, offers many versions of the language. Some of them have reached the end of their life but are kept to continue hosting historical applications that are not yet compatible with new versions of PHP. Please refer to the [supported versions](https://www.php.net/supported-versions.php) page of the php.net website to choose a supported version.

To obtain a list of available versions, simply enter the following command:

```bash { .sh data-copy="sudo dnf module list php" }
$ sudo dnf module list php
Rocky Linux 8 - AppStream
Name Stream Profiles Summary
php 7.2 [d] common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
php 7.3 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
php 7.4 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
php 8.0 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
Hint: [d]efault, [e]nabled, [x]disabled, [i]nstalled
```
Rocky provides, from its AppStream repository, different PHP modules.
You will note that the default version of a Rocky 8.9 is 7.2 that has already reached its end of life at the time of writing.
You can activate a newer module by entering the following command:
```bash { .sh data-copy="sudo dnf module enable php:8.0" }
sudo dnf module enable php:8.0
==============================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
==============================================================================================
Enabling module streams:
httpd 2.4
nginx 1.14
php 8.0
Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================
Is this ok [y/N]:
Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Complete!
```
```bash
$ sudo dnf module list php

Rocky Linux 8 - AppStream
Name Stream Profiles Summary
php 7.2 [d] common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
php 7.3 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
php 7.4 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
php 8.0 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language

Hint: [d]efault, [e]nabled, [x]disabled, [i]nstalled
```

Rocky provides, from its AppStream repository, different PHP modules.

You will note that the default version of a Rocky 8.9 is 7.2 that has already reached its end of life at the time of writing.

You can activate a newer module by entering the following command:

```bash
sudo dnf module enable php:8.0
==============================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
==============================================================================================
Enabling module streams:
httpd 2.4
nginx 1.14
php 8.0

Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================

Is this ok [y/N]:

Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================

Is this ok [y/N]: y
Complete!
```

You can now proceed to the installation of the PHP engine.

## PHP cgi mode
Expand All @@ -130,58 +96,19 @@ The installation of PHP is relatively trivial, since it consists of installing t

The example below installs PHP with the modules usually installed with it.

!!! Note
To avoid installing weak dependencies such as php-fpm use the following flag with dnf `--setopt=install_weak_deps=false`
```bash
sudo dnf install php php-cli php-gd php-curl php-zip php-mbstring php-mysqlnd
```
During installation you will be prompted to import GPG keys for the epel9 (Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9) and Remi repositories, enter y to import the keys:
```bash
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 - x86_64
Importing GPG key 0x3228467C:
Userid : "Fedora (epel9) <epel@fedoraproject.org>"
Fingerprint: FF8A D134 4597 106E CE81 3B91 8A38 72BF 3228 467C
From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-9
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Key imported successfully
Remi's RPM repository for Enterprise Linux 9 - x86_64
Importing GPG key 0x478F8947:
Userid : "Remi's RPM repository (https://rpms.remirepo.net/) <remi@remirepo.net>"
Fingerprint: B1AB F71E 14C9 D748 97E1 98A8 B195 27F1 478F 8947
From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-remi.el9
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Key imported successfully
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Complete!
sudo dnf install php php-cli php-gd php-curl php-zip php-mbstring
```

You can check that the installed version corresponds to the expected one:

=== "9.0"
```bash { .sh data-copy="php -v" }
$ php -v
PHP 8.3.2 (cli) (built: Jan 16 2024 13:46:41) (NTS gcc x86_64)
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v4.3.2, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
with Zend OPcache v8.3.2, Copyright (c), by Zend Technologies
```
=== "8.9"
```bash { .sh data-copy="php -v" }
$ php -v
PHP 7.4.19 (cli) (built: May 4 2021 11:06:37) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.4.0, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
with Zend OPcache v7.4.19, Copyright (c), by Zend Technologies
```
```bash
$ php -v
PHP 7.4.19 (cli) (built: May 4 2021 11:06:37) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.4.0, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
with Zend OPcache v7.4.19, Copyright (c), by Zend Technologies
```

### Configuration

Expand All @@ -198,20 +125,15 @@ sudo dnf install httpd
* Activation:

```bash
sudo systemctl enable --now httpd
```
```bash { .sh data-copy="sudo systemctl status httpd" }
$ sudo systemctl status httpd
sudo systemctl enable httpd
sudo systemctl start httpd
sudo systemctl status httpd
```

* Don't forget to configure the firewall:

```bash
sudo firewall-cmd --add-service=http --permanent
```
```bash
sudo firewall-cmd --reload
```

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -246,11 +168,9 @@ sudo dnf install php-fpm
As php-fpm is a service from a system point of view, it must be activated and started:

```bash
sudo systemctl enable --now php-fpm
```
```bash { .sh data-copy="sudo systemctl status php-fpm" }
$ sudo systemctl status php-fpm
sudo systemctl enable php-fpm
sudo systemctl start php-fpm
sudo systemctl status php-fpm
```

### Configuration
Expand All @@ -269,7 +189,7 @@ daemonize = yes

The php-fpm configuration files are widely commented. Go and have a look!

As you can see, the files in the `/etc/php-fpm.d/` directory with the `.conf` extension are always included.
As you can see, the files in the `/etc/php-fpm/` directory with the `.conf` extension are always included.

By default, a PHP process pool, named `www`, is declared in `/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf`.

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -366,38 +286,23 @@ PHP-FPM offers, like Apache and its `mod_status` module, a page indicating the s
To activate the page, setup its access path via the `pm.status_path` directive:

```bash
pm.status_path = /fpm-status
```
You must also add the following vhost to your apache configuration file in /etc/httpd/httpd.conf
```bash
<LocationMatch "/fpm-status">
Require local
ProxyPass "unix:/var/run/php-fpm/www.sock|fcgi://localhost/"
</LocationMatch>
```
After editing the php and apache conf files you will need to restart php-fpm and httpd before the changes take place.
```bash
sudo systemctl restart php-fpm && sudo systemctl restart httpd
pm.status_path = /status
```

```bash
curl http://localhost/fpm-status
$ curl http://localhost/status_php
pool: www
process manager: dynamic
start time: 25/Jan/2024:19:30:59 +0000
start since: 18447
accepted conn: 10
start time: 03/Dec/2021:14:00:00 +0100
start since: 600
accepted conn: 548
listen queue: 0
max listen queue: 0
listen queue len: 0
idle processes: 4
active processes: 1
max listen queue: 15
listen queue len: 128
idle processes: 3
active processes: 3
total processes: 5
max active processes: 1
max active processes: 5
max children reached: 0
slow requests: 0
```
Expand Down

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