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Windows: Resolve process::Command program without using the current directory #87704

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merged 2 commits into from
Nov 20, 2021

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@ChrisDenton ChrisDenton commented Aug 2, 2021

Currently std::process::Command searches many directories for the executable to run, including the current directory. This has lead to a CVE for ripgrep but presumably other command line utilities could be similarly vulnerable if they run commands. This was discussed on the internals forum. Also discussed was which directories should be searched.

EDIT: This PR originally removed all implicit paths. They've now been added back as laid out in the rest of this comment.

Old Search Strategy

The old search strategy is documented here. Additionally Rust adds searching the child's paths (see also #37519). So the full list of paths that were searched was:

  1. The directories that are listed in the child's PATH environment variable.
  2. The directory from which the application loaded.
  3. The current directory for the parent process.
  4. The 32-bit Windows system directory.
  5. The 16-bit Windows system directory.
  6. The Windows directory.
  7. The directories that are listed in the PATH environment variable.

New Search Strategy

The new strategy removes the current directory from the searched paths.

  1. The directories that are listed in the child's PATH environment variable.
  2. The directory from which the application loaded.
  3. The 32-bit Windows system directory.
  4. The Windows directory.
  5. The directories that are listed in the parent's PATH environment variable.

Note that it also removes the 16-bit system directory, mostly because there isn't a function to get it. I do not anticipate this being an issue in modern Windows.

Impact

Removing the current directory should fix CVE's like the one linked above. However, it's possible some Windows users of affected Rust CLI applications have come to expect the old behaviour.

This change could also affect small Windows-only script-like programs that assumed the current directory would be used. The user would need to use .\file.exe instead of the bare application name.

This PR could break tests, especially those that test the exact output of error messages (e.g. Cargo) as this does change the error messages is some cases.

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r? @dtolnay

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@rust-highfive rust-highfive added the S-waiting-on-review Status: Awaiting review from the assignee but also interested parties. label Aug 2, 2021
@dtolnay dtolnay added T-libs-api Relevant to the library API team, which will review and decide on the PR/issue. needs-fcp This change is insta-stable, so needs a completed FCP to proceed. labels Aug 2, 2021
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bors commented Aug 12, 2021

☔ The latest upstream changes (presumably #87963) made this pull request unmergeable. Please resolve the merge conflicts.

@ChrisDenton ChrisDenton changed the title Windows: Resolve process::Command program using only the PATH Windows: Resolve process::Command program without using the current directory Aug 14, 2021
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ChrisDenton commented Aug 14, 2021

As mentioned in #87945, I've changed this PR to only remove the current directory. This allows focusing on the most pressing issue and avoids conflating separate issues.

I've also made sure to otherwise maintain much of the existing behaviour, including the running of .bat files. However the CreateProcessW docs say this, which suggests it shouldn't work:

To run a batch file, you must start the command interpreter; set lpApplicationName to cmd.exe and set lpCommandLine to the following arguments: /c plus the name of the batch file.

Not documented is that CreateProcessW will actually do this for if you use a file name ending with .bat. I.e. it sets lpApplicationName to cmd.exe (thereby discarding the file name you used). It then passes lpCommandLine so that it's as though that line was typed directly in the shell. One weird effect of this is if argv[0] is set to some arbitrary command, that will then be run instead of the script.

I would recommend that users should not rely on this being maintained. It's undocumented (or anti-documented?) and a bit strange. Instead it would be better to do as the docs suggest and run cmd.exe manually using the /c switch followed by the path to the script.

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dtolnay commented Aug 14, 2021

@rustbot ping windows

Could some of you take a look at #87704 (comment) and sanity check whether the changed behavior is what developers should expect on your platform?

@rustbot rustbot added the O-windows Operating system: Windows label Aug 14, 2021
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rustbot commented Aug 14, 2021

Hey Windows Group! This bug has been identified as a good "Windows candidate".
In case it's useful, here are some instructions for tackling these sorts of
bugs. Maybe take a look?
Thanks! <3

cc @arlosi @danielframpton @gdr-at-ms @kennykerr @luqmana @lzybkr @nico-abram @retep998 @rylev @sivadeilra @wesleywiser

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bk2204 commented Aug 14, 2021

Unfortunately, the directory from which the application loaded isn't a secure option, either. If someone has a self-installing executable that's downloaded into a temporary directory or downloads directory, it isn't safe to execute programs from that directory. This behavior, except with DLLs, is the cause of a large number of security vulnerabilities.

My preference is that we don't have implicit behavior. It makes it difficult to reason about the behavior of Rust programs across existing systems, especially for programmers like me who do not normally target Windows. For example, a Rust program working in a MINGW environment may want the MINGW find program which is Unix-like, not the built-in find program shipped with Windows, and implicitly adding directories means that they will get unexpected behavior in that case. It also can't be overridden, unlike changing the PATH environment variable, so users are basically unable to opt-out of the implicit behavior.

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I agree that I would rather avoid all implicit behaviours and only search PATH by default. I am however becoming increasingly worried about the impact this will have. It's hard to assess before it happens.

A "half way" option would be to reorder the search paths to give higher priority to the parent's PATH. This is not ideal but it would at least mitigate some of the issues you mention.

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bk2204 commented Aug 14, 2021

I appreciate that it's difficult to make the change to use only PATH due to the risk of breakage. However, that is the documented behavior, and it's the only behavior that people can safely rely on. In the most technical sense, the current behavior is a bug since it doesn't conform to the documentation. Doing a half-way approach means that Rust will continue to have a security vulnerability and it will continue to be unsafe to write cross-platform code with Rust.

It would be better to just change things to do what the documentation says and make the change once so that users don't have to deal with any future changes here.

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bors commented Aug 20, 2021

☔ The latest upstream changes (presumably #87329) made this pull request unmergeable. Please resolve the merge conflicts.

@joshtriplett joshtriplett added the relnotes Marks issues that should be documented in the release notes of the next release. label Oct 4, 2021
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I think this is a change we should make. Doing the search ourselves and removing the current directory is an important security fix. We should call attention to this in the release notes, and give people plenty of time to notice issues.

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Team member @joshtriplett has proposed to merge this. The next step is review by the rest of the tagged team members:

No concerns currently listed.

Once a majority of reviewers approve (and at most 2 approvals are outstanding), this will enter its final comment period. If you spot a major issue that hasn't been raised at any point in this process, please speak up!

See this document for info about what commands tagged team members can give me.

@rfcbot rfcbot added proposed-final-comment-period Proposed to merge/close by relevant subteam, see T-<team> label. Will enter FCP once signed off. disposition-merge This issue / PR is in PFCP or FCP with a disposition to merge it. labels Oct 4, 2021
@bors bors added the S-waiting-on-review Status: Awaiting review from the assignee but also interested parties. label Nov 17, 2021
bors added a commit to rust-lang/cargo that referenced this pull request Nov 17, 2021
Match any error when failing to find executables

For Windows targets, Rust now uses [a custom resolver](rust-lang/rust#87704) to find `process::Command` programs. This has caused some error messages to change.

To allow the PR to be merged, some tests have been adjusted to match any error.

cc `@ehuss`
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Is anyone available to do retry bors now that #90991 has landed?

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Amanieu commented Nov 18, 2021

@bors retry

@bors bors added S-waiting-on-bors Status: Waiting on bors to run and complete tests. Bors will change the label on completion. and removed S-waiting-on-review Status: Awaiting review from the assignee but also interested parties. labels Nov 18, 2021
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bors commented Nov 20, 2021

⌛ Testing commit d9a1f9a with merge 2885c47...

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bors commented Nov 20, 2021

☀️ Test successful - checks-actions
Approved by: yaahc
Pushing 2885c47 to master...

@bors bors added the merged-by-bors This PR was explicitly merged by bors. label Nov 20, 2021
@bors bors merged commit 2885c47 into rust-lang:master Nov 20, 2021
@rustbot rustbot added this to the 1.58.0 milestone Nov 20, 2021
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Finished benchmarking commit (2885c47): comparison url.

Summary: This benchmark run did not return any relevant changes.

If you disagree with this performance assessment, please file an issue in rust-lang/rustc-perf.

@rustbot label: -perf-regression

@ChrisDenton ChrisDenton deleted the win-resolve-exe branch November 24, 2021 08:52
wip-sync pushed a commit to NetBSD/pkgsrc-wip that referenced this pull request Jan 22, 2022
Pkgsrc changes:
 * Bump available bootstraps to 1.57.0.
 * For some reason, the vendor/libc checksums don't need fixing.
 * Bump required external LLVM to 12.0, according to upstream change log.
 * Adapt the Darwin linker patch.

(For some reason I've not figured out yet, cargo is a lot more
verbose while building, echoes the rustc invocation.)

Upstream changes:

Version 1.58.1 (2022-01-19)
===========================

* Fix race condition in `std::fs::remove_dir_all` ([CVE-2022-21658])
* [Handle captured arguments in the `useless_format` Clippy lint][clippy/8295]
* [Move `non_send_fields_in_send_ty` Clippy lint to nursery][clippy/8075]
* [Fix wrong error message displayed when some imports are missing][91254]
* [Fix rustfmt not formatting generated files from stdin][92912]

[CVE-2022-21658]: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-21658]
[91254]: rust-lang/rust#91254
[92912]: rust-lang/rust#92912
[clippy/8075]: rust-lang/rust-clippy#8075
[clippy/8295]: rust-lang/rust-clippy#8295

Version 1.58.0 (2022-01-13)
==========================

Language
--------

- [Format strings can now capture arguments simply by writing
  `{ident}` in the string.][90473] This works in all macros accepting
  format strings. Support for this in `panic!` (`panic!("{ident}")`)
  requires the 2021 edition; panic invocations in previous editions
  that appear to be trying to use this will result in a warning lint
  about not having the intended effect.
- [`*const T` pointers can now be dereferenced in const contexts.][89551]
- [The rules for when a generic struct implements `Unsize` have
  been relaxed.][90417]

Compiler
--------

- [Add LLVM CFI support to the Rust compiler][89652]
- [Stabilize -Z strip as -C strip][90058]. Note that while release
  builds already don't add debug symbols for the code you compile,
  the compiled standard library that ships with Rust includes debug
  symbols, so you may want to use the `strip` option to remove these
  symbols to produce smaller release binaries. Note that this release
  only includes support in rustc, not directly in cargo.
- [Add support for LLVM coverage mapping format versions 5 and 6][91207]
- [Emit LLVM optimization remarks when enabled with `-Cremark`][90833]
- [Update the minimum external LLVM to 12][90175]
- [Add `x86_64-unknown-none` at Tier 3*][89062]
- [Build musl dist artifacts with debuginfo enabled][90733]. When
  building release binaries using musl, you may want to use the newly
  stabilized strip option to remove these debug symbols, reducing
  the size of your binaries.
- [Don't abort compilation after giving a lint error][87337]
- [Error messages point at the source of trait bound obligations
  in more places][89580]

\* Refer to Rust's [platform support page][platform-support-doc] for more
   information on Rust's tiered platform support.

Libraries
---------

- [All remaining functions in the standard library have `#[must_use]`
  annotations where appropriate][89692], producing a warning when
  ignoring their return value. This helps catch mistakes such as
  expecting a function to mutate a value in place rather than return
  a new value.
- [Paths are automatically canonicalized on Windows for operations
  that support it][89174]
- [Re-enable debug checks for `copy` and `copy_nonoverlapping`][90041]
- [Implement `RefUnwindSafe` for `Rc<T>`][87467]
- [Make RSplit<T, P>: Clone not require T: Clone][90117]
- [Implement `Termination` for `Result<Infallible, E>`][88601].
  This allows writing `fn main() -> Result<Infallible, ErrorType>`,
  for a program whose successful exits never involve returning from
  `main` (for instance, a program that calls `exit`, or that uses
  `exec` to run another program).

Stabilized APIs
---------------

- [`Metadata::is_symlink`]
- [`Path::is_symlink`]
- [`{integer}::saturating_div`]
- [`Option::unwrap_unchecked`]
- [`Result::unwrap_unchecked`]
- [`Result::unwrap_err_unchecked`]
- [`NonZero{unsigned}::is_power_of_two`]
- [`File::options`]

These APIs are now usable in const contexts:

- [`Duration::new`]
- [`Duration::checked_add`]
- [`Duration::saturating_add`]
- [`Duration::checked_sub`]
- [`Duration::saturating_sub`]
- [`Duration::checked_mul`]
- [`Duration::saturating_mul`]
- [`Duration::checked_div`]
- [`MaybeUninit::as_ptr`]
- [`MaybeUninit::as_mut_ptr`]
- [`MaybeUninit::assume_init`]
- [`MaybeUninit::assume_init_ref`]

Cargo
-----

- [Add --message-format for install command][cargo/10107]
- [Warn when alias shadows external subcommand][cargo/10082]

Rustdoc
-------

- [Show all Deref implementations recursively in rustdoc][90183]
- [Use computed visibility in rustdoc][88447]

Compatibility Notes
-------------------

- [Try all stable method candidates first before trying unstable
  ones][90329]. This change ensures that adding new nightly-only
  methods to the Rust standard library will not break code invoking
  methods of the same name from traits outside the standard library.
- Windows: [`std::process::Command` will no longer search the
  current directory for executables.][87704]
- [All proc-macro backward-compatibility lints are now deny-by-default.][88041]
- [proc_macro: Append .0 to unsuffixed float if it would otherwise
  become int token][90297]
- [Refactor weak symbols in std::sys::unix][90846]. This optimizes
  accesses to glibc functions, by avoiding the use of dlopen. This
  does not increase the [minimum expected version of
  glibc](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/rustc/platform-support.html).
  However, software distributions that use symbol versions to detect
  library dependencies, and which take weak symbols into account in
  that analysis, may detect rust binaries as requiring newer versions
  of glibc.
- [rustdoc now rejects some unexpected semicolons in doctests][91026]

Internal Changes
----------------

These changes provide no direct user facing benefits, but represent
significant improvements to the internals and overall performance
of rustc and related tools.

- [Implement coherence checks for negative trait impls][90104]
- [Add rustc lint, warning when iterating over hashmaps][89558]
- [Optimize live point computation][90491]
- [Enable verification for 1/32nd of queries loaded from disk][90361]
- [Implement version of normalize_erasing_regions that allows for
  normalization failure][91255]

[87337]: rust-lang/rust#87337
[87467]: rust-lang/rust#87467
[87704]: rust-lang/rust#87704
[88041]: rust-lang/rust#88041
[88300]: rust-lang/rust#88300
[88447]: rust-lang/rust#88447
[88601]: rust-lang/rust#88601
[88624]: rust-lang/rust#88624
[89062]: rust-lang/rust#89062
[89174]: rust-lang/rust#89174
[89542]: rust-lang/rust#89542
[89551]: rust-lang/rust#89551
[89558]: rust-lang/rust#89558
[89580]: rust-lang/rust#89580
[89652]: rust-lang/rust#89652
[89677]: rust-lang/rust#89677
[89951]: rust-lang/rust#89951
[90041]: rust-lang/rust#90041
[90058]: rust-lang/rust#90058
[90104]: rust-lang/rust#90104
[90117]: rust-lang/rust#90117
[90175]: rust-lang/rust#90175
[90183]: rust-lang/rust#90183
[90297]: rust-lang/rust#90297
[90329]: rust-lang/rust#90329
[90361]: rust-lang/rust#90361
[90417]: rust-lang/rust#90417
[90473]: rust-lang/rust#90473
[90491]: rust-lang/rust#90491
[90733]: rust-lang/rust#90733
[90833]: rust-lang/rust#90833
[90846]: rust-lang/rust#90846
[90896]: rust-lang/rust#90896
[91026]: rust-lang/rust#91026
[91207]: rust-lang/rust#91207
[91255]: rust-lang/rust#91255
[91301]: rust-lang/rust#91301
[cargo/10082]: rust-lang/cargo#10082
[cargo/10107]: rust-lang/cargo#10107
[`Metadata::is_symlink`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/fs/struct.Metadata.html#method.is_symlink
[`Path::is_symlink`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/path/struct.Path.html#method.is_symlink
[`{integer}::saturating_div`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/primitive.i8.html#method.saturating_div
[`Option::unwrap_unchecked`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/option/enum.Option.html#method.unwrap_unchecked
[`Result::unwrap_unchecked`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/result/enum.Result.html#method.unwrap_unchecked
[`Result::unwrap_err_unchecked`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/result/enum.Result.html#method.unwrap_err_unchecked
[`NonZero{unsigned}::is_power_of_two`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/num/struct.NonZeroU8.html#method.is_power_of_two
[`File::options`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/fs/struct.File.html#method.options
[`unix::process::ExitStatusExt::core_dumped`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/os/unix/process/trait.ExitStatusExt.html#tymethod.core_dumped
[`unix::process::ExitStatusExt::stopped_signal`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/os/unix/process/trait.ExitStatusExt.html#tymethod.stopped_signal
[`unix::process::ExitStatusExt::continued`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/os/unix/process/trait.ExitStatusExt.html#tymethod.continued
[`unix::process::ExitStatusExt::into_raw`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/os/unix/process/trait.ExitStatusExt.html#tymethod.into_raw
[`Duration::new`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.new
[`Duration::checked_add`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.checked_add
[`Duration::saturating_add`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.saturating_add
[`Duration::checked_sub`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.checked_sub
[`Duration::saturating_sub`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.saturating_sub
[`Duration::checked_mul`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.checked_mul
[`Duration::saturating_mul`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.saturating_mul
[`Duration::checked_div`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.checked_div
[`Duration::as_secs_f64`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.as_secs_f64
[`Duration::as_secs_f32`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.as_secs_f32
[`Duration::from_secs_f64`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.from_secs_f64
[`Duration::from_secs_f32`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.from_secs_f32
[`Duration::mul_f64`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.mul_f64
[`Duration::mul_f32`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.mul_f32
[`Duration::div_f64`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.div_f64
[`Duration::div_f32`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.div_f32
[`Duration::div_duration_f64`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.div_duration_f64
[`Duration::div_duration_f32`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.div_duration_f32
[`MaybeUninit::as_ptr`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/mem/union.MaybeUninit.html#method.as_ptr
[`MaybeUninit::as_mut_ptr`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/mem/union.MaybeUninit.html#method.as_mut_ptr
[`MaybeUninit::assume_init`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/mem/union.MaybeUninit.html#method.assume_init
[`MaybeUninit::assume_init_ref`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/mem/union.MaybeUninit.html#method.assume_init_ref
bors added a commit to rust-lang-ci/rust that referenced this pull request Feb 16, 2022
…=m-ou-se

Maintain broken symlink behaviour for the Windows exe resolver

When the resolver was updated to remove the current directory from the search path (see rust-lang#87704), care was take to avoid unintentional changes that hadn't been discussed. However, I missed the broken symlink behaviour. This PR fixes that.

**Edit** This turned out to be more important than I first realised. There are some types of application stubs that will redirect to the actual process when run using `CreateProcessW`, but due to the way they're implemented they cannot be opened normally using a `File::open` that follows reparse points. So this doesn't work with our current `exists` and `try_exists` methods.

Fixes rust-lang#91177
netbsd-srcmastr pushed a commit to NetBSD/pkgsrc that referenced this pull request Mar 1, 2022
Pkgsrc changes:
 * Bump bootstrap kit version to 1.57.0.
 * Bump require external LLVM to 12.0, according to upstream change log.
 * Adjust patches as needed, adjust line numbers.
 * Update checksum adjustments.  For some reason the vendor/libc checksum
   doesn't need fixing, apparently, it remains as commented out.
 * Add makefile to do all the NetBSD boostrap/cross builds (do-cross.mk).
   Allow passing in additions to CONFIGURE_ARGS via ADD_CONFIGURE_ARGS.

Upstream changes:

Version 1.58.1 (2022-01-19)
===========================

* Fix race condition in `std::fs::remove_dir_all` ([CVE-2022-21658])
* [Handle captured arguments in the `useless_format` Clippy lint][clippy/8295]
* [Move `non_send_fields_in_send_ty` Clippy lint to nursery][clippy/8075]
* [Fix wrong error message displayed when some imports are missing][91254]
* [Fix rustfmt not formatting generated files from stdin][92912]

[CVE-2022-21658]: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-21658]
[91254]: rust-lang/rust#91254
[92912]: rust-lang/rust#92912
[clippy/8075]: rust-lang/rust-clippy#8075
[clippy/8295]: rust-lang/rust-clippy#8295

Version 1.58.0 (2022-01-13)
==========================

Language
--------

- [Format strings can now capture arguments simply by writing
  `{ident}` in the string.][90473] This works in all macros accepting
  format strings. Support for this in `panic!` (`panic!("{ident}")`)
  requires the 2021 edition; panic invocations in previous editions
  that appear to be trying to use this will result in a warning lint
  about not having the intended effect.
- [`*const T` pointers can now be dereferenced in const contexts.][89551]
- [The rules for when a generic struct implements `Unsize` have
  been relaxed.][90417]

Compiler
--------

- [Add LLVM CFI support to the Rust compiler][89652]
- [Stabilize -Z strip as -C strip][90058]. Note that while release
  builds already don't add debug symbols for the code you compile,
  the compiled standard library that ships with Rust includes debug
  symbols, so you may want to use the `strip` option to remove these
  symbols to produce smaller release binaries. Note that this release
  only includes support in rustc, not directly in cargo.
- [Add support for LLVM coverage mapping format versions 5 and 6][91207]
- [Emit LLVM optimization remarks when enabled with `-Cremark`][90833]
- [Update the minimum external LLVM to 12][90175]
- [Add `x86_64-unknown-none` at Tier 3*][89062]
- [Build musl dist artifacts with debuginfo enabled][90733]. When
  building release binaries using musl, you may want to use the newly
  stabilized strip option to remove these debug symbols, reducing
  the size of your binaries.
- [Don't abort compilation after giving a lint error][87337]
- [Error messages point at the source of trait bound obligations
  in more places][89580]

\* Refer to Rust's [platform support page][platform-support-doc] for more
   information on Rust's tiered platform support.

Libraries
---------

- [All remaining functions in the standard library have `#[must_use]`
  annotations where appropriate][89692], producing a warning when
  ignoring their return value. This helps catch mistakes such as
  expecting a function to mutate a value in place rather than return
  a new value.
- [Paths are automatically canonicalized on Windows for operations
  that support it][89174]
- [Re-enable debug checks for `copy` and `copy_nonoverlapping`][90041]
- [Implement `RefUnwindSafe` for `Rc<T>`][87467]
- [Make RSplit<T, P>: Clone not require T: Clone][90117]
- [Implement `Termination` for `Result<Infallible, E>`][88601].
  This allows writing `fn main() -> Result<Infallible, ErrorType>`,
  for a program whose successful exits never involve returning from
  `main` (for instance, a program that calls `exit`, or that uses
  `exec` to run another program).

Stabilized APIs
---------------

- [`Metadata::is_symlink`]
- [`Path::is_symlink`]
- [`{integer}::saturating_div`]
- [`Option::unwrap_unchecked`]
- [`Result::unwrap_unchecked`]
- [`Result::unwrap_err_unchecked`]
- [`NonZero{unsigned}::is_power_of_two`]
- [`File::options`]

These APIs are now usable in const contexts:

- [`Duration::new`]
- [`Duration::checked_add`]
- [`Duration::saturating_add`]
- [`Duration::checked_sub`]
- [`Duration::saturating_sub`]
- [`Duration::checked_mul`]
- [`Duration::saturating_mul`]
- [`Duration::checked_div`]
- [`MaybeUninit::as_ptr`]
- [`MaybeUninit::as_mut_ptr`]
- [`MaybeUninit::assume_init`]
- [`MaybeUninit::assume_init_ref`]

Cargo
-----

- [Add --message-format for install command][cargo/10107]
- [Warn when alias shadows external subcommand][cargo/10082]

Rustdoc
-------

- [Show all Deref implementations recursively in rustdoc][90183]
- [Use computed visibility in rustdoc][88447]

Compatibility Notes
-------------------

- [Try all stable method candidates first before trying unstable
  ones][90329]. This change ensures that adding new nightly-only
  methods to the Rust standard library will not break code invoking
  methods of the same name from traits outside the standard library.
- Windows: [`std::process::Command` will no longer search the
  current directory for executables.][87704]
- [All proc-macro backward-compatibility lints are now deny-by-default.][88041]
- [proc_macro: Append .0 to unsuffixed float if it would otherwise
  become int token][90297]
- [Refactor weak symbols in std::sys::unix][90846]. This optimizes
  accesses to glibc functions, by avoiding the use of dlopen. This
  does not increase the [minimum expected version of
  glibc](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/rustc/platform-support.html).
  However, software distributions that use symbol versions to detect
  library dependencies, and which take weak symbols into account in
  that analysis, may detect rust binaries as requiring newer versions
  of glibc.
- [rustdoc now rejects some unexpected semicolons in doctests][91026]

Internal Changes
----------------

These changes provide no direct user facing benefits, but represent
significant improvements to the internals and overall performance
of rustc and related tools.

- [Implement coherence checks for negative trait impls][90104]
- [Add rustc lint, warning when iterating over hashmaps][89558]
- [Optimize live point computation][90491]
- [Enable verification for 1/32nd of queries loaded from disk][90361]
- [Implement version of normalize_erasing_regions that allows for
  normalization failure][91255]

[87337]: rust-lang/rust#87337
[87467]: rust-lang/rust#87467
[87704]: rust-lang/rust#87704
[88041]: rust-lang/rust#88041
[88300]: rust-lang/rust#88300
[88447]: rust-lang/rust#88447
[88601]: rust-lang/rust#88601
[88624]: rust-lang/rust#88624
[89062]: rust-lang/rust#89062
[89174]: rust-lang/rust#89174
[89542]: rust-lang/rust#89542
[89551]: rust-lang/rust#89551
[89558]: rust-lang/rust#89558
[89580]: rust-lang/rust#89580
[89652]: rust-lang/rust#89652
[89677]: rust-lang/rust#89677
[89951]: rust-lang/rust#89951
[90041]: rust-lang/rust#90041
[90058]: rust-lang/rust#90058
[90104]: rust-lang/rust#90104
[90117]: rust-lang/rust#90117
[90175]: rust-lang/rust#90175
[90183]: rust-lang/rust#90183
[90297]: rust-lang/rust#90297
[90329]: rust-lang/rust#90329
[90361]: rust-lang/rust#90361
[90417]: rust-lang/rust#90417
[90473]: rust-lang/rust#90473
[90491]: rust-lang/rust#90491
[90733]: rust-lang/rust#90733
[90833]: rust-lang/rust#90833
[90846]: rust-lang/rust#90846
[90896]: rust-lang/rust#90896
[91026]: rust-lang/rust#91026
[91207]: rust-lang/rust#91207
[91255]: rust-lang/rust#91255
[91301]: rust-lang/rust#91301
[cargo/10082]: rust-lang/cargo#10082
[cargo/10107]: rust-lang/cargo#10107
[`Metadata::is_symlink`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/fs/struct.Metadata.html#method.is_symlink
[`Path::is_symlink`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/path/struct.Path.html#method.is_symlink
[`{integer}::saturating_div`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/primitive.i8.html#method.saturating_div
[`Option::unwrap_unchecked`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/option/enum.Option.html#method.unwrap_unchecked
[`Result::unwrap_unchecked`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/result/enum.Result.html#method.unwrap_unchecked
[`Result::unwrap_err_unchecked`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/result/enum.Result.html#method.unwrap_err_unchecked
[`NonZero{unsigned}::is_power_of_two`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/num/struct.NonZeroU8.html#method.is_power_of_two
[`File::options`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/fs/struct.File.html#method.options
[`unix::process::ExitStatusExt::core_dumped`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/os/unix/process/trait.ExitStatusExt.html#tymethod.core_dumped
[`unix::process::ExitStatusExt::stopped_signal`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/os/unix/process/trait.ExitStatusExt.html#tymethod.stopped_signal
[`unix::process::ExitStatusExt::continued`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/os/unix/process/trait.ExitStatusExt.html#tymethod.continued
[`unix::process::ExitStatusExt::into_raw`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/os/unix/process/trait.ExitStatusExt.html#tymethod.into_raw
[`Duration::new`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.new
[`Duration::checked_add`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.checked_add
[`Duration::saturating_add`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.saturating_add
[`Duration::checked_sub`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.checked_sub
[`Duration::saturating_sub`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.saturating_sub
[`Duration::checked_mul`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.checked_mul
[`Duration::saturating_mul`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.saturating_mul
[`Duration::checked_div`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.checked_div
[`Duration::as_secs_f64`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.as_secs_f64
[`Duration::as_secs_f32`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.as_secs_f32
[`Duration::from_secs_f64`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.from_secs_f64
[`Duration::from_secs_f32`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.from_secs_f32
[`Duration::mul_f64`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.mul_f64
[`Duration::mul_f32`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.mul_f32
[`Duration::div_f64`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.div_f64
[`Duration::div_f32`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.div_f32
[`Duration::div_duration_f64`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.div_duration_f64
[`Duration::div_duration_f32`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/time/struct.Duration.html#method.div_duration_f32
[`MaybeUninit::as_ptr`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/mem/union.MaybeUninit.html#method.as_ptr
[`MaybeUninit::as_mut_ptr`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/mem/union.MaybeUninit.html#method.as_mut_ptr
[`MaybeUninit::assume_init`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/mem/union.MaybeUninit.html#method.assume_init
[`MaybeUninit::assume_init_ref`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/mem/union.MaybeUninit.html#method.assume_init_ref
Dylan-DPC added a commit to Dylan-DPC/rust that referenced this pull request Mar 19, 2022
… r=dtolnay

Use verbatim paths for `process::Command` if necessary

In rust-lang#89174, the standard library started using verbatim paths so longer paths are usable by default. However, `Command` was originally left out because of the way `CreateProcessW` was being called. This was changed as a side effect of rust-lang#87704 so now `Command` paths can be converted to verbatim too (if necessary).
Dylan-DPC added a commit to Dylan-DPC/rust that referenced this pull request Mar 19, 2022
… r=dtolnay

Use verbatim paths for `process::Command` if necessary

In rust-lang#89174, the standard library started using verbatim paths so longer paths are usable by default. However, `Command` was originally left out because of the way `CreateProcessW` was being called. This was changed as a side effect of rust-lang#87704 so now `Command` paths can be converted to verbatim too (if necessary).
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