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Article: Data-Structure-ARRAYS.md (freeCodeCamp#1052)
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# Data Structure Arrays | ||
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Internally, `array` is a kind of data structure that can store a fixed-size sequential collection of elements of the same type. An `array` is used to store a collection of data, but it is often more useful to think of an `array` as a collection of variables of the same type. | ||
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`array` consists of contiguous memory locations. The lowest address corresponds to the first element and the highest address to the last element. | ||
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## Arrays in Python | ||
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Python doesn't have a native `array` data structure. An `array` in Python should not be confused with `list`. The major difference between a `list` | ||
and an `array` in Python is that a `list` can have different types of values whereas an `array` should have all the values of same type. | ||
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#### Declaration of `array` | ||
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```python | ||
from array import array | ||
intarray = array('i') # Declares an array of integer type | ||
``` | ||
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#### Adding elements to `array`: | ||
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```python | ||
intarray.append(1) # Adds an integer value of 1 to the array | ||
intarray.append(0) # Adds an integer value of 0 to the array | ||
intarray.append(-1) # Adds an integer value of -1 to the array | ||
intarray.append(1) # Again adds an integer value of 1 to the array | ||
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intarray.append('d') # Would give a TypeError as the array is of integer type. | ||
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#Resolve the above error and then move ahead. | ||
``` | ||
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#### Printing an `array`: | ||
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```python | ||
print(intarray) # Returns array('i', [1, 4, -1]) | ||
print(intarray[0]) # Returns 1 which is the element at index 0 of the array | ||
print(intarray[3]) # Would give IndexError as there is no element at index 3 of array. | ||
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#Resolve the above error and then move ahead. | ||
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# To print all the elements of the array | ||
for i in intarray: | ||
print(i) | ||
``` | ||
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#### Basic operations on `array`: | ||
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```python | ||
len(intarray) # Returns the length of the array i.e. 3 | ||
intarray.itemsize # Returns length in bytes of one array item i.e. 4 as it is an integer | ||
intarray.count(1) # Returns the number of occurrences of 1 in the array i.e. 2 | ||
intarray.insert(1, 3) # Insert a new item with value x in the array before position i | ||
intarray.remove(1) # Remove the first occurrence of 1 from the array | ||
intarray.reverse() # Reverse the order of the items in the array | ||
intarray.pop(1) # Removes the item with the index 1 from the array and returns it | ||
``` | ||
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:rocket: [Run Code](https://repl.it/CWJB) | ||
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[Official Docs](https://docs.python.org/3.5/library/array.html) |